Acoustic attenuation by contrast agent microbubbles in superficial tissue markedly diminishes petechiae bioeffects in deep tissue.
Acoustic attenuation by contrast agent microbubbles in superficial tissue markedly diminishes petechiae bioeffects in deep tissue.
复制标题
浅表组织中造影剂微泡的声衰减显着减少了深层组织中的瘀点生物效应。
DOI：
10.1097/rli.0b013e318168c715
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Price,RichardJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Song,Ji;Klibanov,AlexanderL;Hossack,JohnA;Price,RichardJ
目的：测量超声造影剂微泡（MBs）在浅表组织中的衰减如何影响在底层深层tissue.Materials和方法：使用Sprague-Dawley大鼠的研究被批准的动物护理和使用委员会的瘀点创建。静脉内注射MB，并以10或60秒的间隔通过覆盖后肢内收肌的皮肤施加12个超声脉冲（100个正弦波，每个脉冲1 MHz超声）。在一些组中，皮肤被切除并立即返回，而没有重建血管连接。肌肉瘀点counted.Results：通过非灌注皮肤后，团和连续静脉注射MB应用超声分别产生了30倍和3.5倍以上的瘀点比灌注皮肤。当超声通过灌注皮肤时，瘀点/mm 2随MB剂量的增加而降低[0.12 ± 0.0 5（1× 10 5 MBs/g）vs.0.0 4 ± 0.0 2（3× 10 5 MBs/g）]。相反，在未灌注的皮肤中，瘀点/mm 2与MB剂量近似成比例[0.17±0.10（1× 105 MBs/g）vs.0.42 ± 0.14（3× 105 MBs/g）]。与不含MB的对照组相比，在此浓度范围内的MB溶液使超声的峰值负压降低了65%至85%。结论：皮肤中MB的声衰减显著减少了深层肌肉中的瘀点产生。瘀点抑制是依赖于[MB] 2.1，因此，占主导地位，否则瘀点和[MB]之间的比例关系在肌肉中。峰值负压下降到临界微血管破裂阈值以下可能是抑制瘀点的机制。这些结果表明，高MB剂量可以，矛盾的是，减少瘀点的创建的可能性，并可能有重要的影响，基于造影超声的治疗设计。
Objective:To measure how ultrasound attenuation by contrast agent microbubbles (MBs) in superficial tissue affects petechiae creation in underlying deep tissue.Materials and Methods:Studies using Sprague-Dawley rats were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee. MBs were injected intravenously, and 12 ultrasound pulses (100 sinusoids of 1 MHz ultrasound per pulse) were applied through the skin overlying the hindlimb adductors at intervals of 10 or 60 seconds. In some groups, the skin was resected and immediately returned without re-establishing vascular connections. Muscle petechiae were counted.Results:Applying ultrasound through unperfused skin after bolus and continuous intravenous MB injection yielded, respectively, 30-fold and 3.5-fold more petechiae than for perfused skin. Surprisingly, petechiae/mm 2 decreased with a higher MB dosage [0.12±0.05 (1× 10 5 MBs/g) vs. 0.04±0.02 (3× 10 5 MBs/g)] when ultrasound was applied through perfused skin. In contrast, petechiae/mm 2 was approximately proportional to MB dosage for unperfused skin [0.17±0.10 (1× 10 5 MBs/g) vs. 0.42+ 0.14 (3× 10 5 MBs/g)]. In comparison to MB-free controls, MB solutions in this concentration range reduced the peak-negative pressure of ultrasound by 65% to 85%.Conclusions:Acoustic attenuation by MBs in skin markedly reduces petechiae creation in deep muscle. Petechiae inhibition is dependent on [MB] 2.1 and, therefore, dominates the otherwise proportional relationship between petechiae and [MB] in muscle. The drop of peak-negative pressure below a critical microvessel rupturing threshold is the probable mechanism for petechiae inhibition. These results indicate that high MB doses could, paradoxically, reduce the potential for petechiae creation and may have important bearing on the design of contrast ultrasound-based therapeutics.