Rainfall evaporation in thunderstorm downdraughts
Rainfall evaporation in thunderstorm downdraughts
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雷暴下沉气流中的降雨蒸发
DOI：
10.1002/qj.49709239407
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发表时间：
1966
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
F. Ludlam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Petia L. Kamburova;F. Ludlam
它解释了在空气中以m sec− 1的速度下降时，雨滴的蒸发必须在大的欠饱和度下进行。在一些简化的定态假设下，估计了一系列速度的雷暴下降气流中的垂直温度廓线，结果表明，产生强气流的最有利条件是小雨滴尺寸，特别是强降雨率和接近干绝热的一般直减率。后两种情况通常与严重的风暴情况有关，然后下沉气流到达地面附近，相对湿度相当低，温度略低于通常在同一水平上发现的温度。
It is explained that in air descending at speeds of some m sec−1raindrop evaporation must proceed at a large subsaturation. Under some simplifying steady‐state assumptions, the vertical temperature profiles in thunderstorm downdraughts of a range of speeds are estimated, and it is shown that the most favourable conditions for the production of strong draughts are a small raindrop size, and, especially, an intense rainfall rate and a general lapse‐rate close to the dry adiabatic. The two latter conditions are often associated in severe storm situations, and the downdraught then arrives near the ground with a rather low relative humidity, and a temperature little lower than found generally at the same level.