Cineradiographic (video X-ray) analysis of skilled reaching in a single pellet reaching task provides insight into relative contribution of body, head, oral, and forelimb movement in rats
Cineradiographic (video X-ray) analysis of skilled reaching in a single pellet reaching task provides insight into relative contribution of body, head, oral, and forelimb movement in rats
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2008.04.013
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发表时间：
2008-10-10
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Whishaw, Ian Q.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alaverdashvili, Mariam;Leblond, Hugues;Whishaw, Ian Q.
大鼠的前肢运动（熟练的伸手）用来够到一个食物颗粒放进嘴里，这已经被用来模拟许多神经系统疾病。它们被描述为头部-颗粒，爪-颗粒和颗粒-嘴的一系列对立，可以描述为身体节段远端部分相对于其固定的近端关节的运动。然而，运动评分是困难的，因为身体部分的位置和运动是通过覆盖的皮毛和皮肤来估计的，皮毛和皮肤是柔韧的，部分模糊了运动。本研究采用中速x线摄影从侧面、背部和正面角度拍摄，描述了在熟练的伸手动作中前肢和骨骼是如何移动的。分析表明：(1)通过吻侧脊髓的垂直方向来定位食物的头部运动主要独立于躯干运动；(2)熟练的伸手由一系列上臂和四肢运动组成，每个运动涉及许多并发的肢体节段和关节运动；(3)使用门牙和/或舌头从爪中取出食物颗粒。研究结果讨论了x射线电影摄影是辅助描述性分析的有价值的工具，有助于理解全身、头部、口腔和上肢运动之间关系的一般原则。(C) 2008 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
The forelimb movements (skilled reaching) used by rats to reach for a single food pellet to place into the mouth have been used to model many neurological conditions. They have been described as a sequence of oppositions of head-pellet, paw-pellet and pellet-mouth that can be described as movements of the distal portion of body segments in relation to their fixed proximal joints. Movement scoring is difficult, however, because the location and movement of body segments is estimated through the overlying fur and skin, which is pliable and partially obscures movement. Using moderately high-speed cineradiographic filming from lateral, dorsal, and frontal perspectives, the present study describes how forelimb and skeletal bones move during the skilled reaching act. The analysis indicates that: (i) head movements for orienting to food, enabled by the vertical orientation of the rostral spinal cord, are mainly independent of trunk movement, (ii) skilled reaching consists of a sequence of upper arm and extremity movements each involving a number of concurrent limb segment and joint movements and (iii) food pellets are retrieved from the paw using either the incisors and/or tongue. The findings are discussed in relation to the idea that X-ray cinematography is valuable tool for assisting descriptive analysis and can contribute to understanding general principles of the relations between whole body, head, oral, and upper extremity movement. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.