Epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in a population of harness Standardbred racehorses in training
Epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in a population of harness Standardbred racehorses in training
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DOI：
10.1186/1746-6148-10-11
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发表时间：
2014-01-10
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Gasparini, Mauro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bertuglia, Andrea;Bullone, Michela;Gasparini, Mauro
背景：关于挽具标准种赛马的肌肉骨骼损伤的研究非常少。具体来说，人们对运动相关肌肉骨骼损伤的流行病学知之甚少。关于这一主题的大多数研究都涉及纯种赛马，其生物力学和比赛速度与标准种马不同，因此很难进行比较。在这里，对在同一赛马场训练的标准种赛马群体进行了四年多的研究，并设计了与运动相关的肌肉骨骼损伤的分类系统。对导致马匹退出训练 15 天或更长时间的肌肉骨骼损伤的发生率进行了调查。使用混合效应泊松回归模型来估计肌肉骨骼损伤率，并描述该人群中运动相关损伤的选定危险因素的重要性。结果：来自 10 个不同马厩的总共 356 匹快步赛马在 8961 个月的时间里处于肌肉骨骼损伤的风险中。报告了 429 起受伤事件，并根据其病因和解剖位置分为 16 类。总体运动相关损伤率为每 100 马月 4.79 例。当在单独的单变量分析中一一考虑风险因素时，我们获得了以下结果：不同性别和年龄段之间的比率没有显着差异，而一名司机造成的伤害似乎比其他人少。比赛速度和比赛强度以及近期病史似乎是重要的风险因素（p < 0.001），而比赛期间穿鞋或不穿鞋则不是。另一方面，当以多变量方法汇集多个风险因素时，只有赛跑强度才显着（p < 0.001），因为赛跑速度和赛跑强度部分混杂，彼此密切相关。结论：描述快步赛马运动相关肌肉骨骼损伤的流行病学特征提供了基线发病率值。与纯种马相比，标准马的应力性骨折发生率较低，而肌腱和悬韧带损伤则相反。除了识别标准种赛马肌肉骨骼损伤的风险因素外，结果表明比赛强度似乎是风险的保护性预测因子，最近的病史可用于识别有受伤风险的马匹。
Background: There is a substantial paucity of studies concerning musculoskeletal injuries in harness Standardbred racehorses. Specifically, little is known about the epidemiology of exercise-related musculoskeletal injuries. Most studies on this subject involve Thoroughbred racehorses, whose biomechanics and racing speed differ from Standardbred, making comparisons difficult. Here, a population of Standardbred racehorses trained at the same racecourse was studied over four years and a classification system for exercise-related musculoskeletal injuries was designed. The incidence rates of musculoskeletal injuries causing horses' withdrawal from training for 15 days or longer were investigated. A mixed-effects Poisson regression model was used to estimate musculoskeletal injury rates and to describe significance of selected risk factors for exercise-related injuries in this population.Results: A total of 356 trotter racehorses from 10 different stables contributed 8961 months at risk of musculoskeletal injuries. Four-hundred-and-twenty-nine injuries were reported and classified into 16 categories, based on their aetiology and anatomical localisation. The overall exercise-related injury rate was 4.79 per 100 horse months. When considering risk factors one by one in separate univariable analyses, we obtained the following results: rates did not differ significantly between genders and classes of age, whereas one driver seemed to cause fewer injuries than the others. Racing speed and racing intensity, as well as recent medical history, seemed to be significant risk factors (p < 0.001), while being shod or unshod during racing was not. On the other hand, when pooling several risk factors in a multivariable approach, only racing intensity turned out to be significant (p < 0.001), since racing speed and the racing intensity were partially confounded, being strongly correlated to one another.Conclusion: Characterizing epidemiology of exercise-related musculoskeletal injuries in trotter racehorses provides baseline incidence rate values. Incidence rates of stress fracture are lower in Standardbreds compared to Thoroughbreds, whereas the opposite is true for tendon and suspensory ligament injuries. In addition to identification of risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries among Standardbred racehorses, results suggest that racing intensity seems to be a protective predictor of risk and recent medical history could be used to identify horses at risk of injury.