Estimation of Satellite-Based SO42- and NH4+ Composition of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter over China Using Chemical Transport Model
Estimation of Satellite-Based SO42- and NH4+ Composition of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter over China Using Chemical Transport Model
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利用化学传输模型基于卫星估算中国环境细颗粒物 SO42- 和 NH4 组成
DOI：
10.3390/rs9080817
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发表时间：
2017-08
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Chen Liangfu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Si Yidan;Li Shenshen;Chen Liangfu
流行病学和健康影响研究已经检查了中国周围PM2.5的化学成分，但由于缺乏长期地面测量，一直受到限制。利用GEOS-Chem化学输送模式和来自卫星的PM2.5数据，估算了中国从2004年到2014年的硫酸盐和氨氮水平。将卫星估计的数据集与基于文献中获得的地面测量的模型模拟进行比较，表明我们的结果更准确。利用空间分辨率为0.1×0.1°的PM2.5卫星数据，我们进一步给出了包括北中国平原、四川盆地和珠江三角洲在内的人为污染区硫酸盐和氨氮的卫星估算结果。全国范围的线性回归结果表明，硫酸盐的r值为0.62，−为35.9%，NME为48.2%，ARB50%为53.68%，NH4+的r值为0.63，斜率为0.67，截距为5.14。在典型区域，来自卫星的数据集非常稳健。基于卫星数据集，还研究了11年卫星获取的−和NH4+年平均浓度的时空变化以及月平均浓度的时间序列。在全国范围内，两者在2004年至2014年间均呈逐年下降趋势(SO42−：−0.61%；NH4+：−0.21%)，大值主要集中在北冰洋和南海。对于分辨率较高的区域，2004-2007年和2008-2011年期间的年际变化趋势呈现正趋势，2012-2014年期间呈现负趋势，硫酸盐浓度变化明显。此外，还给出了中国上空11年卫星资料集的季节分布。硫酸盐和氨氮的浓度分布均具有季节性特征，其季节分布顺序为：冬季>；夏季>；秋季>；春季。这些物种的高浓度集中在NCP和SCB，分别来自燃煤发电厂和农业活动。自从政府近年来采取了更严格的控制措施以来，减少二氧化硫(SO2)排放的努力取得了显著成效。此外，在降低硫、氮和颗粒物浓度的同时，控制氨排放。这项研究提供了对人群暴露于某些化学成分的评估。
Epidemiologic and health impact studies have examined the chemical composition of ambient PM2.5 in China but have been constrained by the paucity of long-term ground measurements. Using the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model and satellite-derived PM2.5 data, sulfate and ammonium levels were estimated over China from 2004 to 2014. A comparison of the satellite-estimated dataset with model simulations based on ground measurements obtained from the literature indicated our results are more accurate. Using satellite-derived PM2.5 data with a spatial resolution of 0.1 × 0.1°, we further presented finer satellite-estimated sulfate and ammonium concentrations in anthropogenic polluted regions, including the NCP (the North China Plain), the SCB (the Sichuan Basin) and the PRD (the Pearl River Delta). Linear regression results obtained on a national scale yielded an r value of 0.62, NMB of −35.9%, NME of 48.2%, ARB_50% of 53.68% for sulfate and an r value of 0.63, slope of 0.67, and intercept of 5.14 for ammonium. In typical regions, the satellite-derived dataset was significantly robust. Based on the satellite-derived dataset, the spatial-temporal variation of 11-year annual average satellite-derived SO42− and NH4+ concentrations and time series of monthly average concentrations were also investigated. On a national scale, both exhibited a downward trend each year between 2004 and 2014 (SO42−: −0.61%; NH4+: −0.21%), large values were mainly concentrated in the NCP and SCB. For regions captured at a finer resolution, the inter-annual variation trends presented a positive trend over the periods 2004–2007 and 2008–2011, followed by a negative trend over the period 2012–2014, and sulfate concentrations varied appreciably. Moreover, the seasonal distributions of the 11-year satellite-derived dataset over China were presented. The distribution of both sulfate and ammonium concentrations exhibited seasonal characteristics, with the seasonal concentrations ranking as follows: winter > summer > autumn > spring. High concentrations of these species were concentrated in the NCP and SCB, originating from coal-fired power plants and agricultural activities, respectively. Efforts to reduce sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions have yielded remarkable results since the government has adopted stricter control measures in recent years. Moreover, ammonia emissions should be controlled while reducing the concentration of sulfur, nitrogen and particulate matter. This study provides an assessment of the population’s exposure to certain chemical components.
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影响因子：
10.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
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通讯作者：
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