CATECHOLAMINES AND BETA-ALANINE IN THE RED FLOUR BEETLE, TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM - ROLES IN CUTICLE SCLEROTIZATION AND MELANIZATION
CATECHOLAMINES AND BETA-ALANINE IN THE RED FLOUR BEETLE, TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM - ROLES IN CUTICLE SCLEROTIZATION AND MELANIZATION
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DOI：
10.1016/0020-1790(84)90063-5
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
LOOKHART, GL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KRAMER, KJ;MORGAN, TD;LOOKHART, GL
在铁锈红色的卡氏锥虫野生菌株和具有黑色角质层的突变菌株中，测定了儿茶酚胺和β-丙氨酸的滴度。在成虫羽化后的前3天内，前者有β-丙氨酸和N-β-丙氨酸多巴胺(NBAD)，而后者则不存在或很低。多巴胺是apprx。两个品系的主要儿茶酚胺N-乙酰多巴胺在黑色品系中的含量大约是黑色品系的2倍。完全硬化的锈红色鞘翅目含有的NBAD几乎是黑色鞘翅目的10倍；后者的多巴胺含量大约是黑色的10倍。向新分离的突变体成虫注射β-丙氨酸可以挽救铁锈红的表型。一天和两周大的黑色品系成虫表现出比野生型成虫高2到3倍的儿茶酚氧化酶活性。角质层的色素沉着可能是由儿茶酚胺、β-丙氨酸和儿茶酚氧化酶的相对浓度决定的，这些物质用于产生硬化素和黑色素。高滴度的多巴胺似乎通过黑色素合成导致黑色素沉着；β-丙氨酸及其多巴胺结合物NBAD与铁锈红色的变色有关。
Catecholamines and .beta.-alanine titers were measured in a rust-red wild strain of T. castaneum Herbst and in a mutant strain which has a black cuticle. During the first 3 days after adult eclosion, .beta.-alanine and N-.beta.-alanyldopamine (NBAD) are present in the former strain, but they are absent or very low in the latter. Dopamine is .apprx. 3-fold higher in the black than in the rust-red strain; N-acetyldopamine, the major catecholamine in both strains, is about 2 times more abundant in the black. Fully sclerotized rust-red elytra contain nearly 10 times more NBAD than black eyltra; the latter have about 10 times more dopamine. Injection of .beta.-alanine into newly eclosed mutant adults rescues the rust-red phenotype. One-day and 2-wk-old adults of the black strain exhibit 2- to 3-fold higher levels of catechol oxidase activity than wild-type adults. Cuticle pigmentation is probably determined by the relative concentration of catecholamines, .beta.-alanine and catechol oxidase which are utilized for production of sclerotin and melanin. High dopamine titers appear to cause the black pigmentation through melanin synthesis; .beta.-alanine and its dopamine conjugate NBAD are associated with the rust-red coloration.