Anxiety predicted premature all-cause and cardiovascular death in a 10-year follow-up of middle-aged women
Anxiety predicted premature all-cause and cardiovascular death in a 10-year follow-up of middle-aged women
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2008.08.006
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发表时间：
2009-04-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Pop, Victor J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Denollet, Johan;Maas, Kristel;Pop, Victor J.
目的：关于情绪困扰和死亡率的研究主要集中在男性和老年人群的抑郁症上。我们检查了中年女性的焦虑和死亡率之间的关系，并根据抑郁情况进行了调整。研究设计和背景：在基线时，居住在埃因霍温的 5,073 名 46-54 岁健康荷兰女性（平均值 = 50.4 +/- 2.1）完成了三项焦虑量表（“焦虑/担心”、“感到害怕/恐慌”、“思考出错的事情”；Cronbach's alpha = 0.77）。主要结局是 10 年随访时的全因死亡率；次要结局是心血管疾病和肺癌/乳腺癌死亡。结果：随访时，114 名 (2.2%) 女性死亡，平均年龄为 56.4 +/- 3.1 岁。肺癌（23%）、心血管疾病（18%）和乳腺癌（15%）是主要死亡原因。吸烟、独居和较低的教育程度与死亡率有关，但抑郁症则不然。调整这些变量后，焦虑与死亡风险增加 77% 相关（风险比 [HR] = 1.77，95% 置信区间 [CI]：1.14-2.74，P = 0.011）。焦虑与心血管死亡相关（HR = 2.77，95% CI：1.17-6.58，P = 0.021）；肺癌死亡也有趋势（HR = 1.91，95% CI：0.90-4.06，P = 0.095），但乳腺癌死亡没有趋势。 结论：在调整标准危险因素和抑郁后，焦虑可预测中年女性的过早全因死亡和心血管死亡。 (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Objective: Research on emotional distress and mortality has largely focused on depression in men and in elderly populations. We examined the relation between anxiety and mortality in women at midlife, adjusting for depression.Study Design and Setting: At baseline, 5,073 healthy Dutch women aged 46-54 years (mean = 50.4 +/- 2.1) and living in Eindhoven, completed a three-item anxiety scale ("being anxious/worried," "feeling scared/panicky," "ruminating about things that went wrong;" Cronbach's alpha = 0.77). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 10-year follow-up; secondary outcomes were cardiovascular and lung/breast cancer death.Results: At follow-up, 114 (2.2%) women had died at the mean age of 56.4 +/- 3.1 years. Lung cancer (23%), cardiovascular disease (18%), and breast cancer (15%) were the major causes of death. Smoking, living alone, and lower education were related to mortality, but depression was not. Adjusting for these variables, anxiety was associated with a 77% increase in mortality risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.77, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-2.74, P = 0.011). Anxiety was related to cardiovascular death (HR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.17-6.58, P = 0.021); there was also a trend for lung cancer death (HR = 1.91, 95% CI: 0.90-4.06, P = 0.095) but not for breast cancer death.Conclusion: Anxiety predicted premature all-cause and cardiovascular death in middle-aged women, after adjustment for standard risk factors and depression. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.