The continuing epidemics of obesity and diabetes in the United States
The continuing epidemics of obesity and diabetes in the United States
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.286.10.1195
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发表时间：
2001-09-12
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
Koplan, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mokdad, AH;Bowman, BA;Koplan, JP
最近的报告显示，在过去十年中，美国的肥胖和糖尿病患者有所增加。目的评估2000年美国成年人中肥胖、糖尿病的患病率和体重控制策略的使用情况。设计、设置和参与者行为风险因素监测系统，2000年在所有州进行了随机数字电话调查，共有184450名18岁或以上的成年人。体重指数（BMI），由自我报告的体重和身高计算；自我报告的糖尿病;减肥或试图维持体重的流行程度；以及使用的体重控制策略。结果2000年肥胖（BMI大于等于30 kg/m(2)）患病率为19.8%，糖尿病患病率为7.3%，两者合并患病率为2.9%。密西西比州的肥胖率最高（24.3%），糖尿病发病率最高（8.8%）；科罗拉多州的肥胖率最低（13.8%）；阿拉斯加的糖尿病发病率最低（4.4%）。27%的美国成年人不参加任何体育活动，另有28.2%的人不经常运动。只有24.4%的美国成年人每天食用水果和蔬菜5次或以上。在过去一年中进行过例行体检的肥胖参与者中，42.8%的人曾被医疗保健专业人员建议减肥。在试图减肥或保持体重的参与者中，17.5%的人遵循了减少卡路里摄入和将体育锻炼增加到150分钟/周以上的建议。结论：美国成年人中肥胖和糖尿病的患病率持续上升。需要采取干预措施来改善全国社区的身体活动和饮食。
Context Recent reports show that obesity and diabetes have increased in the United States in the past decade.Objective To estimate the prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and use of weight control strategies among US adults in 2000.Design, Setting, and Participants The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a random-digit telephone survey conducted in all states in 2000, with 184450 adults aged 18 years or older.Main Outcome Measures Body mass index (BMI), calculated from self-reported weight and height; self-reported diabetes; prevalence of weight loss or maintenance attempts; and weight control strategies used.Results In 2000, the prevalence of obesity (BMI greater than or equal to 30 kg/m(2)) was 19.8%, the prevalence of diabetes was 7.3% and the prevalence of both combined was 2.9%. Mississippi had the highest rates of obesity (24.3%) and of diabetes (8.8%); Colorado had the lowest rate of obesity (13.8%); and Alaska had the lowest rate of diabetes (4.4%). Twenty-seven percent of US adults did not engage in any physical activity, and another 28.2% were not regularly active. Only 24.4% of US adults consumed fruits and vegetables 5 or more times daily. Among obese participants who had had a routine checkup during the past year, 42.8% had been advised by a health care professional to lose weight. Among participants trying to lose or maintain weight, 17.5% were following recommendations to eat fewer calories and increase physical activity to more than 150 min/wk.Conclusions The prevalence of obesity and diabetes continues to increase among US adults. Interventions are needed to improve physical activity and diet in communities nationwide.