An Exploratory Study Investigating Gender Effects on Using 3D Maps for Spatial Orientation in Wayfinding

An Exploratory Study Investigating Gender Effects on Using 3D Maps for Spatial Orientation in Wayfinding
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一项探索性研究,调查性别对在寻路中使用 3D 地图进行空间定向的影响

DOI:
10.3390/ijgi6030060
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发表时间:
2017-02
期刊:
ISPRS International Journal of Geoinformation
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Dong Weihua
Dong Weihua
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liao Hua;Dong Weihua

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近年来,由于该领域的技术进步,在寻路中提供自定位和定向的应用中的3D表示变得越来越流行。然而,在设计支持行人导航的3D表示时,人为因素在很大程度上被忽略了。这项探索性研究的目的是探索性别对使用三维地图进行空间定位的影响。我们设计了一个3D地图,结合了突出的3D地标和2D布局,并通过眼动追踪实验评估了他们在方向指向任务中的表现差异。结果表明,在操作和视觉注意方面没有显著的性别差异。然而,我们观察到,男性使用3D地图更加关注环境中的地标,比使用传统的2D地图时表现更好,而女性的表现并没有表现出任何显着差异,这两种类型的地图使用。我们还观察到相反的性别差异,在3D和2D地图之间的地标视觉注意。当使用3D地图时,男性比女性更长时间地注视地标,而当使用2D地图时,女性比男性更关注地标。此外,口头协议表明,男性有更多的信心,而作出决定。这些实证研究结果可以为基于地图的寻路增强工具的设计提供参考。
3D representations in applications that provide self-localization and orientation in wayfinding have become increasingly popular in recent years because of technical advances in the field. However, human factors have been largely ignored while designing 3D representations in support of pedestrian navigation. This exploratory study aims to explore gender effects on using 3D maps for spatial orientation. We designed a 3D map that combines salient 3D landmarks and 2D layouts, and evaluated gender differences in their performance during direction-pointing tasks by administrating an eye tracking experiment. The results indicate there was no significant overall gender difference on performance and visual attention. However, we observed that males using the 3D map paid more attention to landmarks in the environment and performed better than when using the conventional 2D map, whereas female performance did not show any significant difference between the two types of map usage. We also observed contrary gender differences in visual attention on landmarks between the 3D and 2D maps. While males fixated longer on landmarks than females when using the 3D map, females paid more visual attention to landmarks than males when using the 2D map. In addition, verbal protocols showed that males had more confidence while make decisions. These empirical results can be helpful in the design of map-based wayfinding enhancement tools.
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