Application and characterization of electroactive membranes based on carbon nanotubes and zerovalent iron nanoparticles.
Application and characterization of electroactive membranes based on carbon nanotubes and zerovalent iron nanoparticles.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2016.10.055
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Jorge E Yanez H;Zi Wang;S. Lege;M. Obst;S. Röhler;C. J. Burkhardt;C. Zwiener
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jorge E Yanez H;Zi Wang;S. Lege;M. Obst;S. Röhler;C. J. Burkhardt;C. Zwiener
碳纳米管（CNT）膜是通过过滤技术由多壁碳纳米管制成的，并用于通过吸附和反应过程去除β受体阻滞剂美托洛尔。纳米颗粒零价铁 (NZVI) 增强了 CNT 膜的反应性，通过脉冲伏安法应用规定数量的脉冲（Fe-CNT (100) 和 Fe-CNT (400) 膜）将纳米颗粒零价铁 (NZVI) 沉积在 CNT 膜上。 SEM 表面分析显示铁纳米颗粒尺寸在 19 至 425 nm 之间。不同膜的孔径分布通过毛细管流孔径测定法（Galwick流体）测定。所有膜的孔径分布相似（40 nm），这导致微滤膜具有典型的水渗透性。美托洛尔仅通过吸附作用被CNT膜去除，而Fe-CNT膜也显示美托洛尔由于芬顿型反应而降解。在 CNT 和 Fe-CNT 膜上进一步应用电化学势，将 CNT 膜在 1 V 下的去除效率提高到 74%，将 Fe-CNT (400) 膜在 1 V 下提高到 97%。当用 CNT 和 Fe-CNT 膜进行电化学降解时，通过高分辨率质谱法鉴定出了美托洛尔的七种转化产物。此外，在不施加电化学势的情况下，还观察到了 Fe-CNT 膜的两种已鉴定的转化产物 (TP)。然而，只有 10% 的美托洛尔降解可以通过 TP 的形成来解释。
Carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes were produced from multi-walled CNTs by a filtration technique and used for the removal of the betablocker metoprolol by adsorptive and reactive processes. The reactivity of CNT membranes was enhanced by nanoparticulate zero-valent iron (NZVI) which was deposited on the CNT membranes by pulsed voltammetry applying defined number of pulses (Fe-CNT (100) and Fe-CNT (400) membranes). Surface analysis with SEM showed iron nanoparticle sizes between 19 and 425 nm. Pore size distribution for the different membranes was determined by capillary flow porometry (Galwick fluid). Pore size distribution for all membranes was similar (40 nm), which resulted in a water permeability typical for microfiltration membranes. Metoprolol was removed by the CNT membrane only by sorption, whereas the Fe-CNT membrane revealed also metoprolol degradation due to Fenton type reactions. Further application of electrochemical potentials on both the CNT and the Fe-CNT membranes improved the removal efficiencies to 74% for CNT membranes at 1 V and to 97% for Fe-CNT (400) membranes at 1 V. Seven transformation products have been identified for metoprolol by high-resolution mass spectrometry when electrochemical degradation was performed with CNT and Fe-CNT membranes. Additionally, two of the identified transformation products (TPs) were also observed for Fe-CNT membranes without the application of electrochemical potential. However, only 10% of the degraded metoprolol could be explained by the formation of TPs.