The Stream Biome Gradient Concept: factors controlling lotic systems across broad biogeographic scales
The Stream Biome Gradient Concept: factors controlling lotic systems across broad biogeographic scales
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DOI：
10.1086/679756
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Grudzinski, Bartosz P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dodds, Walter K.;Gido, Keith;Grudzinski, Bartosz P.
我们提出了流生物群落梯度的概念，作为一种方法来预测宏观尺度的流生物模式。这一概念是基于这样的假设，即河流的许多非生物和生物特征沿着气候（温度和降水）梯度发生可预测的变化，因为气候对水文、地貌和陆地植被介导的相互作用的直接影响。溪流生物群落梯度概念产生了与全球溪流之间的大陆变化有关的可检验的假设，并使水生科学家能够了解一个生物群落的结果如何适用于研究较少的生物群落。一些预测因子在生物群落/气候梯度上单调变化，而另一些则在梯度的中心部分具有最大值或最小值。例如，从干燥的沙漠到草原到潮湿的森林的梯度预测包括更永久的流动，更少的裸露地面，更低的侵蚀和沉积物输送率，降低本地C输入食物网的重要性，以及更大的溪流动物物种丰富度。相比之下，大型有蹄类食草动物对溪流的影响预计在草原比在森林或沙漠中更大，火灾的影响预计在草原溪流比在沙漠和森林溪流弱沿着生物群落梯度变化的降水和恒定的纬度或海拔。了解生物群系的历史模式可以帮助描述在相关的地理尺度上的进化模板，可以用来拓宽河流生态学的其他概念模型，并可能导致更好的管理和保护在最广泛的尺度。
We propose the Stream Biome Gradient Concept as a way to predict macroscale biological patterns in streams. This concept is based on the hypothesis that many abiotic and biotic features of streams change predictably along climate (temperature and precipitation) gradients because of direct influences of climate on hydrology, geomorphology, and interactions mediated by terrestrial vegetation. The Stream Biome Gradient Concept generates testable hypotheses related to continental variation among streams worldwide and allows aquatic scientists to understand how results from one biome might apply to a less-studied biome. Some predicted factors change monotonically across the biome/climate gradients, whereas others have maxima or minima in the central portion of the gradient. For example, predictions across the gradient from drier deserts through grasslands to wetter forests include more permanent flow, less bare ground, lower erosion and sediment transport rates, decreased importance of autochthonous C inputs to food webs, and greater stream animal species richness. In contrast, effects of large ungulate grazers on streams are expected to be greater in grasslands than in forests or deserts, and fire is expected to have weaker effects in grassland streams than in desert and forest streams along biome gradients with changing precipitation and constant latitude or elevation. Understanding historic patterns among biomes can help describe the evolutionary template at relevant biogeographic scales, can be used to broaden other conceptual models of stream ecology, and could lead to better management and conservation across the broadest scales.