Neighborhood support and the birth weight of urban infants
Neighborhood support and the birth weight of urban infants
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DOI：
10.1093/aje/kwf170
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Earls, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buka, SL;Brennan, RT;Earls, F
母亲特征的差异只能部分解释非裔美国妇女婴儿出生体重较低的原因。据推测，城市社区的经济和社会特征可能会进一步解释这些差异。作者对居住在伊利诺伊州芝加哥343个社区的8,782名成年人进行了家庭调查，以评估感知社会支持的平均水平，并使用美国人口普查数据来估计社区的经济劣势。从95 711份出生证明（1994-1996年）中收集了关于出生体重和产妇风险因素的数据。在对数据进行统计调整之前，发现非洲裔美国母亲所生的婴儿平均比白色母亲所生的婴儿轻297克。在调整个人水平的风险因素后，这一差异减少到154 g。只有非洲裔美国母亲，平均出生体重显着下降的邻里水平的经济劣势增加。对于白色母亲，一个显着的正相关被发现之间的感知水平的邻里社会支持和婴儿出生体重。将这些社区水平的预测因子添加到模型中，将调整后的白色与非洲裔美国人的出生体重差异降低到124 g。结果支持这一假设，即邻里水平的因素显着相关的婴儿出生体重。
Differences in maternal characteristics only partially explain the lower birth weights of infants of African-American women. It is hypothesized that economic and social features of urban neighborhoods may further account for these differences. The authors conducted a household survey of 8,782 adults residing in 343 Chicago, Illinois, neighborhoods to assess mean levels of perceived social support and used US Census data to estimate neighborhood economic disadvantage. Data on birth weight and maternal risk factors were gathered from 95,711 birth certificates (1994-1996). Before statistical adjustment of the data, infants born to African-American mothers were found to be, on average, 297 g lighter than those born to White mothers. After adjustment for individual-level risk factors, this difference was reduced to 154 g. For African-American mothers only, mean birth weight decreased significantly as the neighborhood level of economic disadvantage increased. For White mothers only, a significant positive association was found between perceived levels of neighborhood social support and infant birth weight. Adding these neighborhood-level predictors to the model reduced the adjusted White versus African-American difference in birth weight to 124 g. Results support the hypothesis that neighborhood-level factors are significantly associated with infant birth weight.