PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE SPIROCHETES
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE SPIROCHETES
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DOI：
10.1128/jb.173.19.6101-6109.1991
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发表时间：
1991-10-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
WOESE, CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PASTER, BJ;DEWHIRST, FE;WOESE, CR
使用改进的直接 RNA 测序 Sanger 方法测定了螺旋体、密螺旋体、疏螺旋体、钩端螺旋体、细螺旋体和丝虫属物种的 16S rRNA 序列。 对比对的 16S rRNA 序列的分析表明，螺旋体形成了一个由六个主要簇或群组成的连贯分类单元。 第一组称为密螺旋体，分为两个亚组。 第一密螺旋体亚群由梅毒螺旋体、噬菌体密螺旋体、齿状密螺旋体、嗜热螺旋体菌株和两个螺旋体物种组成，即祖尔泽螺旋体和窄链螺旋体，平均种间相似度为89.9%。 第二个密螺旋体亚群包括布氏密螺旋体、果胶密螺旋体、嗜糖密螺旋体、琥珀密螺旋体和瘤胃菌株CA，平均种间相似度为89.9%。 两个密螺旋体亚群之间的平均种间相似度为 84.2%。 通过单碱基特征分析验证了密螺旋体分为两个亚组。 第二类螺旋体包括橙色螺旋体、嗜盐螺旋体、巴贾加州螺旋体、滨海螺旋体和异戊螺旋体，平均相似度为87.4%。 螺旋体类群与密螺旋体类群相关，平均相似度为81.9%。 第三组螺旋体包含疏螺旋体，包括伯氏疏螺旋体、鹅疏螺旋体、赫氏疏螺旋体和兔蜱菌株。 伯氏疏螺旋体形成了一个紧密的系统发育簇，平均相似度为 97%。 伯氏疏螺旋体与螺旋体有一个共同的分支，并且与螺旋体的关系比与密螺旋体的关系更近。 从鼩鼱身上分离出的单一螺旋体菌株构成了第四组。 第五组由猪痢疾螺旋体（Treponema）菌株和无害螺旋体（Treponema）菌株组成。 该类群中的两个物种关系密切，相似度大于99%。 伊利尼细螺旋体、双折钩端螺旋体和问号钩端螺旋体形成了第六个也是最深的分支群。 该组内的平均相似度为 83.2%。 这项研究首次证明致病性钩端螺旋体和腐生钩端螺旋体物种在系统发育上是相关的。 螺旋体分为六个主要系统发育簇也是由序列特征元件定义的。 这些特征分析支持螺旋体代表单系细菌门的结论。
The 16S rRNA sequences were determined for species of Spirochaeta, Treponema, Borrelia, Leptospira, Leptonema, and Serpula, using a modified Sanger method of direct RNA sequencing. Analysis of aligned 16S rRNA sequences indicated that the spirochetes form a coherent taxon composed of six major clusters or groups. The first group, termed the treponemes, was divided into two subgroups. The first treponeme subgroup consisted of Treponema pallidum, Treponema phagedenis, Treponema denticola, a thermophilic spirochete strain, and two species of Spirochaeta, Spirochaeta zuelzerae and Spirochaeta stenostrepta, with an average interspecies similarity of 89.9%. The second treponeme subgroup contained Treponema bryantii, Treponema pectinovorum, Treponema saccharophilum, Treponema succinifaciens, and rumen strain CA, with an average interspecies similarity of 89.9%. The average interspecies similarity between the two treponeme subgroups was 84.2%. The division of the treponemes into two subgroups was verified by single-base signature analysis. The second spirochete group contained Spirochaeta aurantia, Spirochaeta halophila, Spirochaeta bajacaliforniensis, Spirochaeta litoralis, and Spirochaeta isovalerica, with an average similarity of 87.4%. The Spirochaeta group was related to the treponeme group, with an average similarity of 81.9%. The third spirochete group contained borrelias, including Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia anserina, Borrelia hermsii, and a rabbit tick strain. The borrelias formed a tight phylogenetic cluster, with average similarity of 97%. The borrelia group shared a common branch with the Spirochaeta group and was closer to this group than to the treponemes. A single spirochete strain isolated from the shrew constituted the fourth group. The fifth group was composed of strains of Serpula (Treponema) hyodysenteriae and Serpula (Treponema) innocens. The two species of this group were closely related, with a similarity of greater than 99%. Leptonema illini, Leptospira biflexa, and Leptospira interrogans formed the sixth and most deeply branching group. The average similarity within this group was 83.2%. This study represents the first demonstration that pathogenic and saprophytic Leptospira species are phylogenetically related. The division of the spirochetes into six major phylogenetic clusters was defined also by sequence signature elements. These signature analyses supported the conclusion that the spirochetes represent a monophylectic bacterial phylum.