A review of studies of the proteomes of circulating microparticles: key roles for galectin-3-binding protein-expressing microparticles in vascular diseases and systemic lupus erythematosus.
A review of studies of the proteomes of circulating microparticles: key roles for galectin-3-binding protein-expressing microparticles in vascular diseases and systemic lupus erythematosus.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12014-017-9146-0
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Heegaard NHH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nielsen CT;Østergaard O;Rasmussen NS;Jacobsen S;Heegaard NHH
在过去的几十年里，亚细胞微泡（MV）引起了越来越多的关注。虽然最初被认为是惰性细胞碎片，但已经发现了MV在生理稳态、癌症、心血管和自身免疫性疾病中的几个重要作用。虽然仍然知之甚少，但MV参与细胞间的信息运输，并参与免疫、血栓形成和凝血的调节。存在不同亚型的细胞外MV。这篇综述主要集中在细胞膜衍生的脱落MV（大小从200到1000 nm）通常称为微粒（MP）。MP的数量，特别是组成似乎反映了其亲本细胞的状态，因此MP可能具有作为临床生物标志物的巨大潜力，特别是可以通过蛋白质组学来阐明和开发。确定MP等复杂样本中特定蛋白质的身份及其数量（即蛋白质组）能够深入表征疾病状态期间MP的表型变化。目前，在健康个体和疾病人群中仅进行了有限数量的循环MP的蛋白质组学研究。有趣的是，这些研究表明，一小组MP蛋白，特别是半乳糖凝集素-3结合蛋白（G3 BP）的过表达区分MP患者静脉血栓栓塞症和系统性自身免疫性疾病，系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）。G3 BP在细胞-细胞粘附、清除和细胞间信号传导中是重要的。因此，过表达G3 BP的MP可能参与血栓形成和止血、血管炎症和自身免疫，进一步有利于G3 BP作为“致病性”MP的标志物。表达G3 BP的MP也可能在其他疾病如癌症和慢性病毒感染中作为生物标志物。这篇综述强调了这些发现背后的蛋白质组研究的方法和结果，并将其置于病理生理学和生物标志物的角度。
Subcellular microvesicles (MVs) have attracted increasing interest during the past decades. While initially considered as inert cellular debris, several important roles for MVs in physiological homeostasis, cancer, cardiovascular, and autoimmune diseases have been uncovered. Although still poorly understood, MVs are involved in trafficking of information from cell-to-cell, and are implicated in the regulation of immunity, thrombosis, and coagulation. Different subtypes of extracellular MVs exist. This review focuses on the cell membrane-derived shedded MVs (ranging in size from 200 to 1000 nm) typically termed microparticles (MPs). The numbers and particularly the composition of MPs appear to reflect the state of their parental cells and MPs may therefore carry great potential as clinical biomarkers which can be elucidated and developed by proteomics in particular. Determination of the identity of the specific proteins and their quantities, i.e. the proteome, in complex samples such as MPs enables an in-depth characterization of the phenotypical changes of the MPs during disease states. At present, only a limited number of proteomic studies of circulating MPs have been carried out in healthy individuals and disease populations. Interestingly, these studies indicate that a small set of MP-proteins, in particular, overexpression of galectin-3-binding protein (G3BP) distinguish MPs in patients with venous thromboembolism and the systemic autoimmune disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). G3BP is important in cell–cell adhesion, clearance, and intercellular signaling. MPs overexpressing G3BP may thus be involved in thrombosis and hemostasis, vascular inflammation, and autoimmunity, further favoring G3BP as a marker of “pathogenic” MPs. MPs expressing G3BP may also hold a potential as biomarkers in other conditions such as cancer and chronic viral infections. This review highlights the methodology and results of the proteome studies behind these discoveries and places them in a pathophysiological and biomarker perspective.