Mitral valve endothelial cells with osteogenic differentiation potential.
Mitral valve endothelial cells with osteogenic differentiation potential.
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DOI：
10.1161/atvbaha.110.216184
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发表时间：
2011-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bischoff J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wylie-Sears J;Aikawa E;Levine RA;Yang JH;Bischoff J
心脏瓣膜内皮细胞具有从内皮细胞向间充质细胞转化的独特能力，这种分化过程对瓣膜发育至关重要，已被认为是补充成熟瓣膜间质细胞的机制。我们推测瓣膜内皮细胞是成骨细胞瓣膜间质细胞(VIC)的直接前体细胞。用单细胞平板法分离出绵羊二尖瓣叶克隆细胞群。对二尖瓣内皮细胞和间充质细胞克隆进行成骨、成脂和成软骨分化试验，根据谱系特异性标志物的表达来确定。二尖瓣内皮细胞克隆显示出成骨和软骨分化的倾向，这与二尖瓣VIC克隆和骨髓间充质干细胞相似。在非瓣膜内皮细胞中未发现成骨分化。骨钙素是成骨细胞分化的标志，在体内机械拉伸的二尖瓣内皮上检测到了骨钙素表达的区域。二尖瓣叶含有具有多系间充质分化潜能的内皮细胞，包括成骨分化。这一独特的特征表明，出生后的二尖瓣内皮细胞储备了能够促进成骨和软骨性VICs的祖细胞。
Cardiac valvular endothelium is unique in its ability to undergo endothelial-to-mesenchymal transformation, a differentiation process that is essential for valve development and has been proposed as mechanism for replenishing the interstitial cells of mature valves. We hypothesized that the valvular endothelium contains endothelial cells that are direct precursors to osteoblastic valvular interstitial cells (VICs). Clonal cell populations from ovine mitral valve leaflets were isolated by single cell plating. Mitral valvular endothelial and mesenchymal clones were tested for osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation, determined by the expression of lineage-specific markers. Mitral valvular endothelial clones showed a propensity for osteogenic, as well as chondrogenic differentiation that was comparable to a mitral valvular VIC clone and to bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells. Osteogenic differentiation was not detected in nonvalvular endothelial cells. Regions of osteocalcin expression, a marker of osteoblastic differentiation, were detected along the endothelium of mitral valves that had been subjected in vivo to mechanical stretch. Mitral valve leaflets contain endothelial cells with multilineage mesenchymal differentiation potential, including osteogenic differentiation. This unique feature suggests that postnatal mitral valvular endothelium harbors a reserve of progenitor cells that can contribute to osteogenic and chondrogenic VICs.