Distractors that signal reward attract the eyes
Distractors that signal reward attract the eyes
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DOI：
10.1080/13506285.2014.980483
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发表时间：
2015-02-07
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Theeuwes, Jan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bucker, Berno;Belopolsky, Artem V.;Theeuwes, Jan
显著性刺激和与奖励相关的刺激具有吸引注意力和眼睛的能力。目前的研究利用了奖励对众所周知的全球效应的影响，即两个物体同时出现在空间上的接近度。参与者总是对预定义的目标进行扫视，而附近干扰物的颜色则表示该试验可用的奖励（高/低）。与以前的奖励研究不同，在目前的研究中，这些干扰物从未作为目标。我们发现，参与者对目标快速扫视。然而，扫视降落显着更接近高相比，低奖励信号分心。这种奖励效应在第一个区块中就已经存在，并在整个实验中保持稳定。而不是正好落在两个刺激之间（即，经典的全局效应），最快的眼球运动落在更靠近奖励信号干扰物的地方。控制实验的结果，其中没有分心奖励意外事件，证实了所观察到的效果是由奖励，而不是由身体的显着性。此外，有试验的奖励启动效应，其中眼跳降落显着更接近高，而不是低奖励信号干扰时，相同的干扰出现在两个连续的试验。总之，这些结果意味着，奖励信号刺激，从来没有一部分的任务集有一个自动的影响眼系统。
Salient stimuli and stimuli associated with reward have the ability to attract both attention and the eyes. The current study exploited the effects of reward on the well-known global effect in which two objects appear simultaneously in close spatial proximity. Participants always made saccades to a predefined target, while the colour of a nearby distractor signalled the reward available (high/low) for that trial. Unlike previous reward studies, in the current study these distractors never served as targets. We show that participants made fast saccades towards the target. However, saccades landed significantly closer to the high compared to the low reward signalling distractor. This reward effect was already present in the first block and remained stable throughout the experiment. Instead of landing exactly in between the two stimuli (i.e., the classic global effect), the fastest eye movements landed closer towards the reward signalling distractor. Results of a control experiment, in which no distractor-reward contingencies were present, confirmed that the observed effects were driven by reward and not by physical salience. Furthermore, there were trial-by-trial reward priming effects in which saccades landed significantly closer to the high instead of the low reward signalling distractor when the same distractor was presented on two consecutive trials. Together the results imply that a reward signalling stimulus that was never part of the task set has an automatic effect on the oculomotor system.