Foreground stimuli and task engagement enhance neuronal adaptation to background noise in the inferior colliculus of macaques.
Foreground stimuli and task engagement enhance neuronal adaptation to background noise in the inferior colliculus of macaques.
复制标题
前景刺激和任务参与增强了猕猴下丘神经元对背景噪音的适应。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.00153.2020
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Ramachandran,Ramnarayan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rocchi,Francesca;Ramachandran,Ramnarayan
听觉神经元反应会受到背景噪音的影响。下丘 (IC) 神经元反应适应声学场景中最常见的声级（适应刺激统计），这是一种可以保留信号检测的神经元和行为阈值的机制。然而，目前尚不清楚前景刺激和/或任务参与是否可以改变神经元适应。为了研究任务参与如何与这一机制相互作用，我们比较了 IC 神经元对背景噪声的反应，这导致了对刺激统计数据的适应，而猕猴执行了掩蔽音检测任务（任务驱动条件），并在单独呈现相同背景噪声（被动聆听条件）时记录了响应。在任务依赖条件下，猴子执行 Go/No-Go 任务，同时将 50 毫秒的音调嵌入诱导适应的连续背景噪声中，背景噪声的级别每 50 毫秒变化一次，并从概率分布中得出。与被动聆听条件相比，IC 神经元反应中对噪声刺激统计数据的适应在任务驱动条件下显着增强，表明前景刺激和/或任务参与可以改变 IC 神经元反应。此外，无论任务参与如何，IC 神经元对噪声的反应都会受到先前感觉信息（历史效应）的显着影响。这些研究表明，IC 中的动态范围适应保留了行为和神经测量阈值，无论噪声类型如何，以及神经元活动对皮层下处理水平上的任务相关因素的依赖性。新的和值得注意的听觉神经元反应受到掩蔽器和干扰器的影响。然而，目前尚不清楚神经元对掩蔽刺激的敏感性是否受到任务依赖性因素的影响。我们的研究是研究任务参与如何影响行为动物皮层下中脑听觉神经元中背景声音的神经表征的首次尝试之一。
Auditory neuronal responses are modified by background noise. Inferior colliculus (IC) neuronal responses adapt to the most frequent sound level within an acoustic scene (adaptation to stimulus statistics), a mechanism that may preserve neuronal and behavioral thresholds for signal detection. However, it is still unclear whether the presence of foreground stimuli and/or task involvement can modify neuronal adaptation. To investigate how task engagement interacts with this mechanism, we compared the response of IC neurons to background noise, which caused adaptation to stimulus statistics, while macaque monkeys performed a masked tone detection task (task-driven condition) with responses recorded when the same background noise was presented alone (passive listening condition). In the task-dependent condition, monkeys performed a Go/No-Go task while 50-ms tones were embedded within an adaptation-inducing continuous background noise whose levels changed every 50 ms and were drawn from a probability distribution. The adaptation to noise stimulus statistics in IC neuronal responses was significantly enhanced in the task-driven condition compared with the passive listening condition, showing that foreground stimuli and/or task-engagement can modify IC neuronal responses. Additionally, the response of IC neurons to noise was significantly affected by the preceding sensory information (history effect) regardless of task involvement. These studies show that dynamic range adaptation in IC preserves behavioral and neurometric thresholds irrespective of noise type and a dependence of neuronal activity on task-related factors at subcortical levels of processing.NEW & NOTEWORTHYAuditory neuronal responses are influenced by maskers and distractors. However, it is still unclear whether the neuronal sensitivity to the masker stimulus is influenced by task-dependent factors. Our study represents one of the first attempts to investigate how task involvement influences the neural representation of background sounds in the subcortical, midbrain auditory neurons of behaving animals.