Polarization conversion when focusing cylindrically polarized vortex beams.
Polarization conversion when focusing cylindrically polarized vortex beams.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-016-0015-2
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发表时间：
2016-12-05
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Khonina SN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Porfirev AP;Ustinov AV;Khonina SN
目前，具有径向或方位偏振的柱形光束被成功地用于微纳米粒子的光学操纵以及在显微镜、光刻、非线性光学、材料加工和电信应用中。这些激光束的产生是使用分段偏振板、亚波长光栅、干涉或光调制器来实现的。在这里，我们通过引入高阶涡旋位相奇点，演示了柱面偏振激光光束从径向偏振到方位偏振的转换，或者相反的转换。为了同时产生多个不同阶的涡旋位相奇异性，我们使用了一个多阶衍射光学元件。理论和实验结果都表明，增加位相奇异性的阶数可以使偏振从径向到方位的转换更加有效。这证明了电磁束的偏振态和相位态之间的密切联系，这在许多光学实验中都有重要的意义。
Currently, cylindrical beams with radial or azimuthal polarization are being used successfully for the optical manipulation of micro- and nano-particles as well as in microscopy, lithography, nonlinear optics, materials processing, and telecommunication applications. The creation of these laser beams is carried out using segmented polarizing plates, subwavelength gratings, interference, or light modulators. Here, we demonstrate the conversion of cylindrically polarized laser beams from a radial to an azimuthal polarization, or vice versa, by introducing a higher-order vortex phase singularity. To simultaneously generate several vortex phase singularities of different orders, we utilized a multi-order diffractive optical element. Both the theoretical and the experimental results regarding the radiation transmitted through the diffractive optical element show that increasing the order of the phase singularity leads to more efficient conversation of the polarization from radial to azimuthal. This demonstrates a close connection between the polarization and phase states of electromagnetic beams, which has important implications in many optical experiments.