Effects of dietary glycaemic index on adiposity, glucose homoeostasis, and plasma lipids in animals
Effects of dietary glycaemic index on adiposity, glucose homoeostasis, and plasma lipids in animals
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(04)16937-7
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发表时间：
2004-08-28
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Ludwig, DS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pawlak, DB;Kushner, JA;Ludwig, DS
背景：临床研究表明，饮食中的血糖指数(GI)在体重调节和糖尿病风险中起作用。然而，部分因为操纵GI可以改变潜在的混淆饮食因素，如纤维含量、适口性和能量密度，它与人类健康的相关性仍然存在争议。本研究探讨了GI对动物的独立作用。方法将雄性SD大鼠部分切除胰腺，给予除淀粉类型：高GI(n=11)或低GI(n=10)外，其他营养成分相同的饲料。这些动物以受控的方式喂养，以保持两组动物的平均体重相同，持续18周。进一步的实验在交叉设计的大鼠和平行设计的C57BL/6J小鼠中检验了GI的影响。结果发现，尽管平均体重相似(547.9[SE13.4vs549.2[15.2g]g)，但与给予低GI食物的大鼠相比，高GI食物的大鼠有更多的体脂(97.8vs57.3vs57.3vs7.2g；p=0.0152)和更少的瘦体重(450.1[9.6vs491.9[11.7g；p=0.0120])。高GI组在口服葡萄糖后血糖和血浆胰岛素曲线下面积也有更大的增加，较低的血浆脂联素浓度，较高的血浆甘油三酯浓度，以及胰岛细胞结构的严重破坏。高GI饮食的小鼠在9周后的体脂几乎是低GI饮食的小鼠的两倍。解释这些发现为解释人类GI研究提供了一个机制基础。术语GI的实践描述了一种食物、一餐或饮食如何影响餐后血糖。句号。GI作为一个独立的因素，会导致动物肥胖，增加患糖尿病和心脏病的风险。低GI饮食在预防和治疗人类疾病中的使用值得彻底检查。
Background Clinical studies suggest a role for dietary glycaemic index (GI) in bodyweight regulation and diabetes risk. However, partly because manipulation of GI can produce changes in potentially confounding dietary factors such as fibre content, palatability, and energy density, its relevance to human health remains controversial. This study examined the independent effects of GI in animals.Methods Partially pancreatectomised male Sprague-Dawley rats were given diets with identical nutrients, except for the type of starch: high-GI (n=11) or low-GI (n=10). The animals were fed in a controlled way to maintain the same mean bodyweight in the two groups for 18 weeks. Further experiments examined the effects of GI in rats in a crossover design and C57BL/6J mice in a parallel design.Findings Despite having similar mean bodyweight (547.9 [SE 13.4] vs 549.2 [15.2] g), rats given high-GI food had more body fat (97.8 [13.6] vs 57.3 [7.2] g; p=0.0152) and less lean body mass (450.1 [9.6] vs 491.9 [11.7] g; p=0.0120) than those given low-GI food. The high-GI group also had greater increases over time in the areas under the curve for blood glucose and plasma insulin after oral glucose, lower plasma adiponectin concentrations, higher plasma triglyceride concentrations, and severe disruption of islet-cell architecture. Mice on the high-GI diet had almost twice the body fat of those on the low-GI diet after 9 weeks.Interpretation These findings provide a mechanistic basis for interpretation of studies of GI in human beings.Relevance to practice The term GI describes how a food, meal, or diet affects blood sugar during the postprandial. period. GI as an independent factor can cause obesity and increase risks of diabetes and heart disease in animals. Use of low-GI diets in prevention and treatment of human disease merits thorough examination.