Penetration and porosity prevention mechanism in YAG laser-MIG hybrid welding
Penetration and porosity prevention mechanism in YAG laser-MIG hybrid welding
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DOI：
10.1533/wint.2007.3680
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发表时间：
2007-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Katayama;S. Uchiumi;M. Mizutani;Jing-bo Wang;K. Fujii
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Katayama;S. Uchiumi;M. Mizutani;Jing-bo Wang;K. Fujii
铝合金激光-电弧复合焊近年来在汽车等行业受到关注，YAG激光-MIG电弧复合焊工艺已在焊接生产线上得到一定程度的应用。据报道，复合焊工艺的优点是熔深增加、焊缝对接面精度提高、错位公差提高、焊接速度提高、气孔率降低、焊缝稳定性等；很明显，混合焊缝熔深特性和孔隙形成受到各种参数的影响。然而，焊接过程现象以及熔深和孔隙率约束机制尚未得到充分解释。因此，本研究研究了焊接方向、焊接速度、MIG电弧电流、激光点与焊丝（电弧）目标位置之间的距离等焊接条件对熔深、焊道外观和气孔形成的影响，旨在阐明铝合金YAG激光-MIG电弧复合焊过程中的熔深特性和焊接过程现象。此外，为了了解复合焊接现象，采用高速视频和X射线传输实时观察方法进行了以下观察：焊接过程中填充焊丝的球状过渡形貌及其与激光的相互作用、熔池表面和内部形状、熔池内熔体的流动、小孔行为、气泡和气孔的形成和消失；由此，阐明了孔隙的形成和预防机制。
Laser-arc hybrid welding of aluminium alloy has received attention recently in automobile and other industries and the YAG laser-MIG arc hybrid welding process has been employed to some degree in welding production lines. The advantages of the hybrid welding process are reported to be an increase in the penetration depth, accuracy of the weld butt surface and improved misalignment tolerance, increased welding speed, porosity reduction, weld stability etc.; it has become evident that hybrid weld penetration characteristics and porosity formation are affected by various parameters. However, the weld process phenomena and penetration and porosity restraint mechanisms are not adequately explicated. Accordingly, for this study, an investigation was carried out into the effects of individual welding condition, such as the welding direction, welding speed, MIG arc current and distance between the target positions of laser spot and wire (arc) upon penetration, weld bead external appearance and porosity formation with the aim of explicating the penetration characteristics and weld process phenomena during YAG laser-MIG arc hybrid welding of aluminium alloy. Furthermore, in order to understand the hybrid welding phenomena, the following observations were carried out using a high speed video and the X-ray transmission real-time observation method: globular transfer morphology of filler wire during welding and the mutual action with the laser, the molten pool surface and the internal shape, melt flow within the molten pool, keyhole behaviour, the bubbles and porosity formation and extinction; thus, the porosity formation and preventative mechanisms were explicated.