Alcoholism and Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Study on Vascular Morphology and Biomechanics
Alcoholism and Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Study on Vascular Morphology and Biomechanics
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酒精中毒与外伤性蛛网膜下腔出血：血管形态学和生物力学的实验研究
DOI：
10.1097/ta.0b013e3181cda3b9
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Xu, Xiaohu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wang, Haipeng;Yu, Xiaojun;Xu, Xiaohu
背景：与酗酒相关的创伤性蛛网膜下腔出血（TSAH）是一个显著的危险因素。本研究通过观察急性酒精中毒和慢性酒精中毒大鼠TSAH的血管形态学和生物力学，探讨TSAH的可能机制。方法：60只雄性SD大鼠分为急性酒精中毒组和慢性酒精中毒组。急性组灌胃56%vol/vol白酒15 mL/kg，每日1次;慢性组灌胃8 mL/kg，连续2周，每日2次，连续2周，每次12 mL/kg。一个自制的工具被用来造成头部受伤。结果：与急性酒精中毒大鼠相比，慢性酒精中毒大鼠的脑组织形态学和生物力学均发生了明显的变化，其中以急性酒精中毒大鼠最为明显，其次为慢性酒精中毒大鼠。（1）体重下降（2）TSAH的发病率和死亡率较高（3）蛛网膜下腔小动脉平均管壁厚度和胸主动脉各层厚度均明显增加（P < 0.01）（4）降低了胸主动脉的破坏载荷和相应的伸展性（60 kPa和极限载荷），（5）增加了弹性模量（30 kPa，生理应力范围）（p < 0.05）。酒精滥用和轻微打击的协同作用可能是TSAH的发病机制之一。长期酗酒导致的高血压也是一个值得注意的因素。
Background: Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (TSAH) related to alcohol abuse is a notable risk factor. Here, we investigated the vascular morphology and biomechanics of TSAH in rat models of acute alcoholic intoxication and chronic alcoholism rats to explore the possible mechanisms of TSAH.Methods: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into acute alcoholic intoxication and chronic alcoholism groups. Edible spirituous liquor (56% vol/vol) was intragastrically given (15 mL/kg) once to the rats in the acute group, and given twice daily (8 mL/kg for 2 weeks and 12 mL/kg for another 2 weeks) to rats in the chronic group. A self-made instrument was used to inflict head injury. Whole brain, arterial blood, and thoracic aorta of rats were sampled for morphologic and biomechanical examination.Results: Compared with the acute alcoholic rats, the chronic alcoholic rats showed significant morphologic and biomechanical changes: (1) decreased body weight (p < 0.05), (2) higher morbidity and mortality from TSAH (p < 0.01), (3) greater mean thickness of vascular wall of subarachnoid small arteries and each layer thickness of thoracic aorta (p < 0.05), (4) decreased failure load and corresponding extensibility (60 kPa and limit load) of thoracic aorta, and (5) increased elastic modulus (30 kPa, range in physiologic stress) (p < 0.05).Conclusions: Chronic alcoholism can induce the morphologic and biomechanical changes in cerebral vessels and thoracic aorta. The synergistic effect of alcohol abuse and minor blow may be one of the mechanisms of TSAH. High blood pressure from long-term alcohol abuse is also a notable factor.