Childhood social environment, emotional reactivity to stress, and mood and anxiety disorders across the life course.
Childhood social environment, emotional reactivity to stress, and mood and anxiety disorders across the life course.
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DOI：
10.1002/da.20762
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发表时间：
2010-12
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Koenen, Karestan C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McLaughlin, Katie A;Kubzansky, Laura D;Dunn, Erin C;Waldinger, Robert;Vaillant, George;Koenen, Karestan C
不良的儿童环境与成年后情绪和焦虑障碍的发病有关。这些生命过程关联背后的机制仍然知之甚少。本研究探讨应激情绪反应是否为儿童环境特征与成人情绪和焦虑障碍之间关联的机制。数据来自成人发展研究，这是一项对男性（N=268）的纵向研究，从青春期后期开始，持续了近70年。在研究开始时，通过家访和与受访者父母的访谈来评估童年社会环境特征。压力反应在被调查者大学二年级时通过医师考试进行评估。成年期情绪和焦虑障碍的发作是由研究精神病学家确定的，他们完成了从20岁到70岁反复评估期间收集的访谈、问卷和体检数据的图表回顾。与童年环境更恶劣的受访者相比，总体童年环境更好、环境优势更多的受访者成年后患情绪或焦虑障碍的几率更低。来自社会经济地位较低的家庭和童年环境以冲突和逆境为特征的家庭的被调查者的压力反应性较高。反过来，应激反应的升高预示着成人情绪和焦虑障碍的发生。成年早期情绪反应的增强与不利的童年环境和成年后患情绪和焦虑障碍的风险增加有关。情绪反应可能是将童年逆境与成年后的情绪和焦虑障碍联系起来的一种机制。
Adverse child environments are associated the onset of mood and anxiety disorders in adulthood. The mechanisms underlying these life-course associations remain poorly understood. We investigate whether emotional reactivity to stress is a mechanism in the association between childhood environment characteristics and adult mood and anxiety disorders. Data are from the Study of Adult Development, a longitudinal study of men (N=268) followed for nearly seven decades beginning in late adolescence. Childhood social environment characteristics were assessed during home visits and interviews with respondents’ parents at entry into the study. Stress reactivity was assessed during respondents’ sophomore year of college via physician exam. Onset of mood and anxiety disorders in adulthood was ascertained by research psychiatrists who completed chart reviews of interview, questionnaire, and physical exam data collected during repeated assessments from age 20 through 70. Respondents with better overall childhood environments and a greater number of environmental strengths were at lower odds of developing a mood or anxiety disorder in adulthood than respondents with more adverse childhood environments. Higher stress reactivity was observed among respondents from families with lower socio-economic status and with childhood environments characterized by greater conflict and adversity. Elevated stress reactivity, in turn, predicted the onset of adult mood and anxiety disorders. Heightened emotional reactivity in early adulthood is associated with both adverse childhood environments and elevated risk for developing mood and anxiety disorders in adulthood. Emotional reactivity may be one mechanism linking childhood adversity to mood and anxiety disorders in adulthood.