MIMICRY AND MUTUALISM IN CARNIVOROUS PITCHER PLANTS (SARRACENIACEAE, NEPENTHACEAE, CEPHALOTACEAE, BROMELIACEAE)
MIMICRY AND MUTUALISM IN CARNIVOROUS PITCHER PLANTS (SARRACENIACEAE, NEPENTHACEAE, CEPHALOTACEAE, BROMELIACEAE)
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8312.1988.tb00465.x
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发表时间：
1988-10-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
JOEL, DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
JOEL, DM
瓶子草科、猪笼草科和鲸蜡科的食肉性猪笼草似乎具有与许多花相似的吸引和奖励系统。与以前的观点相反，巴茨模仿似乎不适用于投手陷阱，因为：（a）没有证据表明昆虫错误地访问诱捕器，（B）任何一个诱捕器都没有已知的模型，（c）诱捕器活动的持续时间和植物群落的结构与欺骗性模仿状态不相容，（d）猪笼草为来访的昆虫提供了真实的奖赏花蜜。这表明，这些植物执行相互的，而不是欺骗性的关系，在其栖息地的昆虫群落。昆虫从蜜罐提供的花蜜中获益，在花蜜来源可能不常见或不存在的栖息地，蜜罐为昆虫提供营养。与此同时，昆虫在其群落的一小部分中支付植物，这些植物作为猎物被“牺牲”并被植物消耗，而植物生长在营养缺乏的土壤中。
The carnivorous pitcher plants of the Sarraceniaceae, Nepenthaceae and Cephalotaceae seem to have developed attraction and rewarding systems which resemble those of many flowers. Contrary to a previous view, Batesian mimicry does not appear to apply to pitcher traps because: (a) there is no evidence of insects visiting traps by mistake, (b) no model is known for any one of the traps, (c) the duration of the trap activity and the structure of the plant community are not compatible with a deceptive mimetic status, (d) nectar which is a real reward is provided to visiting insects by the pitcher plants. It is suggested that these plants perform mutual rather than deceptive relations with the insect communities in their habitats. Insects benefit from nectar which is provided by pitchers and which serves for their nutrition in habitats where sources of floral nectar might be either uncommon or absent. At the same time the insects pay the plants in a small portion of their community which is ''sacrificed'' as prey and consumed by the plants, which grow in nutrient deficient soils.