Potential Protective Mechanisms of S-equol, a Metabolite of Soy Isoflavone by the Gut Microbiome, on Cognitive Decline and Dementia.
Potential Protective Mechanisms of S-equol, a Metabolite of Soy Isoflavone by the Gut Microbiome, on Cognitive Decline and Dementia.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms231911921
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发表时间：
2022-10-07
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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S-雌马酚是由肠道微生物组转化的大豆异黄酮的代谢产物，是所有大豆异黄酮及其代谢产物中生物活性最强的。大豆异黄酮是植物雌激素，通过雌激素受体-β发挥作用。在经常食用大豆异黄酮的东亚，流行病学研究表明，饮食中的大豆异黄酮摄入量与认知能力下降和痴呆症呈负相关;然而，在西方国家进行的大豆异黄酮随机对照试验通常没有显示其认知益处。结果的差异可能归因于S-雌马酚的生产能力;在食用大豆异黄酮后，40-70%的东亚人产生S-雌马酚，而20-30%的西方人这样做。日本最近的观察和临床研究表明，S-雌马酚而不是大豆异黄酮与多种血管病变呈负相关，导致认知障碍和痴呆，包括动脉僵硬和白色病变体积。S-雌马酚对血脑屏障的渗透性优于大豆异黄酮，尽管它们对雌激素受体-β的亲和力相似。S-雌马酚也是所有已知大豆黄酮中最有效的抗氧化剂。虽然S-雌马酚可作为膳食补充剂，但没有长期的人体试验研究S-雌马酚补充剂对动脉硬化，脑血管疾病，认知能力下降或痴呆的影响。
S-equol, a metabolite of soy isoflavone daidzein transformed by the gut microbiome, is the most biologically potent among all soy isoflavones and their metabolites. Soy isoflavones are phytoestrogens and exert their actions through estrogen receptor-β. Epidemiological studies in East Asia, where soy isoflavones are regularly consumed, show that dietary isoflavone intake is inversely associated with cognitive decline and dementia; however, randomized controlled trials of soy isoflavones in Western countries did not generally show their cognitive benefit. The discrepant results may be attributed to S-equol production capability; after consuming soy isoflavones, 40–70% of East Asians produce S-equol, whereas 20–30% of Westerners do. Recent observational and clinical studies in Japan show that S-equol but not soy isoflavones is inversely associated with multiple vascular pathologies, contributing to cognitive impairment and dementia, including arterial stiffness and white matter lesion volume. S-equol has better permeability to the blood–brain barrier than soy isoflavones, although their affinity to estrogen receptor-β is similar. S-equol is also the most potent antioxidant among all known soy isoflavones. Although S-equol is available as a dietary supplement, no long-term trials in humans have examined the effect of S-equol supplementation on arterial stiffness, cerebrovascular disease, cognitive decline, or dementia.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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Biochimica et biophysica acta
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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