QoS-Compliant 3-D Deployment Optimization Strategy for UAV Base Stations
QoS-Compliant 3-D Deployment Optimization Strategy for UAV Base Stations
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DOI：
10.1109/jsyst.2020.3015428
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发表时间：
2020-08
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Xukai Zhong;Yiming Huo;Xiaodai Dong;Zhonghua Liang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xukai Zhong;Yiming Huo;Xiaodai Dong;Zhonghua Liang
无人机(UAV)正被整合为5G及以后网络中的一个活跃元素。由于其灵活性和移动性，无人机基站可以根据地面用户的分布和他们的服务质量(Qos)要求进行部署。虽然已经有不少关于无人机部署的研究，但还没有工作在3-D环境下研究这一问题，并考虑到无人机-BS的容量限制和地面用户的服务质量要求。因此，在本文中，我们主要研究如何在满足用户数据速率要求和UAV-BSS容量限制的条件下，部署UAV-BSS以提供满意的无线通信服务，以最大化覆盖的用户设备总数。首先，我们从水平和垂直两个维度对空地路径损耗(PL)与无人机-盲源位置之间的关系进行了建模，这在以往的工作中是没有考虑的。与传统的无人机部署问题不同，该方法将三维部署问题分解为二维水平布置和高度确定问题，并将其与PL要求和极小化问题联系起来。然后，我们提出了一种新的基于遗传算法的二维布局方法，在考虑数据速率分布的情况下，无人机-BS的布局使其具有最大的用户覆盖。最后，数值和仿真结果表明，与其他方案相比，该方法具有更好的覆盖率。
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are being integrated as an active element in 5G and beyond networks. Because of their flexibility and mobility, UAV base stations (UAV-BSs) can be deployed according to the ground user distributions and their quality-of-service (QoS) requirement. Although there has been quite some prior research on the UAV deployment, no work has studied this problem in a 3-D setting and taken into account the UAV-BS capacity limit and the QoS requirements of ground users. Therefore, in this article, we focus on the problem of deploying UAV-BSs to provide satisfactory wireless communication services, with the aim to maximize the total number of covered user equipment subject to user data-rate requirements and UAV-BSs’ capacity limit. First, we model the relationship between the air-to-ground path loss (PL) and the location of UAV-BSs in both horizontal and vertical dimensions, which has not been considered in previous works. Unlike the conventional UAV deployment problem formulation, the 3-D deployment problem is decoupled into a 2-D horizontal placement and altitude determination connected by PL requirement and minimization. Then, we propose a novel genetic algorithm-based 2-D placement approach in which UAV-BSs are placed to have maximum coverage of the users with consideration of data rate distribution. Finally, numerical and simulation results show that the proposed approach has enabled a better coverage percentage comparing with other schemes.