Galanin and perseveration.
Galanin and perseveration.
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甘丙肽和毅力。
DOI：
10.1016/j.brainres.2005.01.103
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Robinson,JohnK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Echevarria,DavidJ;Brewer,Ariel;Bushell,Georgia;Manuzon,Honeyleen;Langel,Ulo;Robinson,JohnK
甘丙肽是一种 29/30 氨基酸的神经肽，已被证明会损害学习和记忆任务表现，并且在躯体感觉、应激反应、性行为和进食调节中也发挥作用。然而，人们对甘丙肽参与高级认知过程，尤其是执行过程知之甚少。坚持不懈是额叶皮层损伤和执行控制失败的典型标志。甘丙肽已被证明会破坏迷宫延迟交替任务和操作性空间延迟不匹配位置（DNMTP）工作记忆任务的表现，这些测试对持续反应特别敏感。为了更好地理解甘丙肽在执行控制中的潜在作用，本研究测试了甘丙肽诱导坚持的假设。第一个实验检查了甘丙肽（10、20 μg 静脉注射）对执行简单操作反应交替任务的影响，其中刺激被分配到两个空间上不同的位置之一，以产生到一个位置的延长的呈现序列，间隔为 10 秒的试验间隔。第二个实验着眼于甘丙肽（5、20 μg 静脉注射）对非延迟匹配位置和非匹配位置条件辨别操作任务的影响，其中最小 1.0 秒的时间间隔分隔响应。最后，检查了甘丙肽（10、20 μg 静脉注射）对延迟匹配位置（DMTP）表现的影响，以确定反应交替（即不匹配）对于观察该任务中甘丙肽诱导的损伤是否至关重要。加丙宁降低了所有任务的试验完成率，但没有改变简单或条件辨别的准确性。甘丙肽 (10 μg) 以与延迟无关的方式损害 DMTP 性能。总之，这些数据表明甘丙肽不会产生毅力，但与甘丙肽诱导的强化物强度下降一致。
Galanin is a 29/30 amino acid neuropeptide that has been shown to impair learning and memory task performance and also have roles in somatosensation, stress responses, sexual behavior, and feeding regulation. However, little is known about galanin involvement in higher cognitive processes, especially executive processes. Perseveration is a classic sign of frontal cortex damage and failure of executive control. Galanin has been shown to disrupt the performance of maze delayed alternation tasks and the operant, spatial delayed nonmatch-to-position (DNMTP) working memory task, tests especially sensitive to perseverative responding. To better understand this potential involvement of galanin in executive control, the present study tested the hypothesis that galanin induces perseveration. The first experiment examined the effects of galanin (10, 20 μg i.c.v.) on the performance of a simple operant response alternation task in which stimuli were assigned to one of two spatially distinct locations to produce extended sequences of presentations to one location, separated by a 10-s intertrial interval. The second experiment looked at the effects of galanin (5, 20 μg i.c.v.) on the performance of non-delayed match-to-position and nonmatch-to-position conditional discrimination operant tasks in which a minimal 1.0 s time interval separated responses. Finally, the effects of galanin (10, 20 μg i.c.v.) on delayed match-to-position (DMTP) performance were examined to determine whether response alternation (i.e., nonmatching) was critical to observing a galanin-induced impairment in this task. Galanin reduced the rate of trial completion in all the tasks, but did not alter simple or conditional discrimination accuracy. Galanin (10 μg) impaired DMTP performance in a delay-independent manner. Together, these data suggest that galanin does not produce perseveration, but are consistent with a galanin-induced decrease in reinforcer strength.
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