The effects of rural development policy on land rights distribution and land use scenarios: The case of oil palm in the Peruvian Amazon
The effects of rural development policy on land rights distribution and land use scenarios: The case of oil palm in the Peruvian Amazon
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.10.011
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Cronkleton, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bennett, Aoife;Ravikumar, Ashwin;Cronkleton, Peter
几十年的发展历史表明，农村农业政策和政府对特定流行作物的支持，可能严重改变热带森林当地人民的土地权、土地保有制度和土地使用战略。如今，油棕就是这样一种作物，它是一种在秘鲁亚马逊地区大量种植的新兴商品。本文提出以下问题：政府对促进油棕发展的兴趣如何影响秘鲁亚马逊乌卡亚利地区小农的产权正规化，以及社会生态影响是什么？虽然有很强的理论理由认为这些现象是相互关联的，但在秘鲁，它们相互作用的确切性质尚未得到严格审查。该研究分析了一项大型家庭调查的数据，以及在这些村庄进行的三年参与观察工作，以揭示这些因素如何相互作用。本文介绍了描述性的结果比较小农的要求，他们的正式权利，并发现事实上和法律上的土地所有权的情况下，特别是与老增长的森林片段之间的巨大差异。此外，虽然我们的统计模型测试符合我们的假设之间的联系，油棕和土地权在该地区的家庭和村庄的水平，它不是一个直接的因果关系。实证结果表明，移民，油棕扩张和发展如何更广泛地联系到该地区的土地利用变化的一个更复杂的微妙的画面。最后，我们提出了一些政策建议，可以促进改善该地区的森林保护，并更公平地向小农分配土地权利。
Decades of development history show that rural agricultural policies and government support for specific en vogue crops can seriously alter land rights, land tenure regimes and land use strategies for local people in tropical forests. Today, oil palm is such a crop, and it is an emergent commodity that is proliferating in the Peruvian Amazon. This paper asks: How is government interest in promoting oil palm development affecting property rights formalization for smallholders in the Peruvian Amazon region of Ucayali, and what are the socio-ecological implications? While there are strong theoretical reasons that expect these phenomena to be related, the precise nature of their interaction has not been rigorously examined in Peru. The study analyses data from a large household survey, and three years of participant observation work in those villages to unpack how these factors interact. The paper presents descriptive results comparing smallholder claims to their formal rights, and finds a large discrepancy between de facto and de jure land ownership scenarios especially with relation to old growth forest fragments. Furthermore, whilst our statistical model testing qualifies our hypothesis about the link between oil palm and land right in the region at both the household and village levels, it is not a direct causal relationship. The empirical results suggest a more complex nuanced picture of how migration, oil palm expansion and development are more broadly linked to land use change in the region. We conclude with policy recommendations that could facilitate improved forest conservation in the area, and a more equitable distribution of land rights to smallholders.