Aerobic biodegradation of the sulfonamide antibiotic sulfamethoxazole by activated sludge applied as co-substrate and sole carbon and nitrogen source
Aerobic biodegradation of the sulfonamide antibiotic sulfamethoxazole by activated sludge applied as co-substrate and sole carbon and nitrogen source
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.02.070
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发表时间：
2013-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Lemmer, Hilde
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mueller, Elisabeth;Schuessler, Walter;Lemmer, Hilde
在实验室规模下，研究了广泛使用的极性、低吸附性磺胺类抗生素磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）在活性污泥中的好氧生物降解机理。该研究集中于（i）SMX与乙酸盐和硝酸铵的共代谢和（ii）当作为唯一碳源和氮源存在时SMX的利用。由于SMX的吸附作用可以忽略不计，消除主要是基于生物降解。活性污泥能够利用SMX作为碳源和/或氮源。SMX的生物降解增强时，提供了一个容易降解的能源供应（醋酸盐），促进代谢活动。此外，它是在缺氮条件下提高的。溶解有机碳的质量平衡显示SMX矿化不完全，有两种情况：（i）SMX作为共底物，3-氨基-5-甲基-异恶唑代表主要稳定代谢物;（ii）SMX作为唯一碳源和氮源，可能产生羟基-N-（5-甲基-1，2-恶唑-3-基）苯-1-磺酰胺作为进一步代谢物。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Potential aerobic biodegradation mechanisms of the widely used polar, low-adsorptive sulfonamide antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) were investigated in activated sludge at bench scale. The study focused on (i) SMX co-metabolism with acetate and ammonium nitrate and (ii) SMX utilization when present as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. With SMX adsorption being negligible, elimination was primarily based on biodegradation. Activated sludge was able to utilize SMX both as a carbon and/or nitrogen source. SMX biodegradation was enhanced when a readily degradable energy supply (acetate) was provided which fostered metabolic activity. Moreover, it was raised under nitrogen deficiency conditions. The mass balance for dissolved organic carbon showed an incomplete SMX mineralization with two scenarios: (i) with SMX as a co-substrate, 3-amino-5-methyl-isoxazole represented the main stable metabolite and (ii) SMX as sole carbon and nitrogen source possibly yielded hydroxyl-N-(5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-3-yl)benzene-1-sulfonamide as a further metabolite. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.