Highly spin-polarized multi-GeV electron beams generated by single-species plasma photocathodes
Highly spin-polarized multi-GeV electron beams generated by single-species plasma photocathodes
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevresearch.4.033015
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发表时间：
2022-06
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Z. Nie;Fei Li;F. Morales;S. Patchkovskii;O. Smirnova;W. An;Chaojie Zhang;Yipeng Wu;N. Nambu-N.-Na
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文献类型：
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作者：
Z. Nie;Fei Li;F. Morales;S. Patchkovskii;O. Smirnova;W. An;Chaojie Zhang;Yipeng Wu;N. Nambu-N.-Na
基于等离子体的加速器中的高梯度和高效率加速已经得到证明，显示出其作为未来在粒子物理能量前沿运行的对撞机的基石的潜力。然而，在这样的对撞机中使用基于等离子体的加速器产生和加速所需的自旋偏振光束一直是一个长期存在的挑战。在这里，我们表明，通过一个单一的物种（镱）蒸汽的高度相对论性，高电流的电子束的通道激发非线性等离子体唤醒主要电离的两个外部6s电子。通过圆偏振激光器进一步光电离所得到的Yb 2+离子，将4f14电子注入该尾流中，产生高度自旋偏振的光束。结合含时薛定谔方程模拟与粒子在细胞模拟，我们表明，亚飞秒，高电流（4 kA）的电子束与高达56%的净自旋极化可以产生和加速到15 GeV，在短短41厘米。这个相对简单的方案解决了在等离子体加速器中产生自旋极化相对论电子的复杂问题。
High-gradient and high-efficiency acceleration in plasma-based accelerators has been demonstrated, showing its potential as the building block for a future collider operating at the energy frontier of particle physics. However, generating and accelerating the required spin-polarized beams in such a collider using plasma-based accelerators has been a long-standing challenge. Here we show that the passage of a highly relativistic, high-current electron beam through a single-species (ytterbium) vapor excites a nonlinear plasma wake by primarily ionizing the two outer 6s electrons. Further photoionization of the resultant Yb2+ ions by a circularly polarized laser injects the 4f14 electrons into this wake generating a highly spin-polarized beam. Combining time-dependent Schrodinger equation simulations with particle-in-cell simulations, we show that a sub-femtosecond, high-current (4 kA) electron beam with up to 56% net spin polarization can be generated and accelerated to 15 GeV in just 41 cm. This relatively simple scheme solves the perplexing problem of producing spin-polarized relativistic electrons in plasma-based accelerators.