Alien Pathogens on the Horizon: Opportunities for Predicting their Threat to Wildlife
Alien Pathogens on the Horizon: Opportunities for Predicting their Threat to Wildlife
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DOI：
10.1111/conl.12297
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
Dunn, Alison M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roy, Helen E.;Hesketh, Helen;Dunn, Alison M.
根据《生物多样性公约》，到 2020 年，应确定外来入侵物种 (IAS) 并评估其影响，以便优先考虑外来物种，以实施适当的控制策略和措施来管理入侵途径。被列为“世界上最严重的 100 种”环境影响的 IAS 中有四分之一与野生动物（未驯化的植物和动物）的疾病有关。此外，IAS 是“病原体污染”的重要来源，“病原体污染”被定义为人类介导的将病原体引入新宿主或地区的行为。尽管如此，人们对外来病原体的生物学及其引入新地区后对生物多样性的影响知之甚少。我们认为，外来病原体对濒危物种、生态系统和生态系统服务构成的威胁应通过立法、政策和管理得到更多关注。我们确定了 10 个关键的研究和行动领域，包括与外来病原体的引入和建立过程相关的领域，以及与预测外来病原体对本地生物群和生态系统的传播和相关影响相关的领域。发展跨学科能力、专业知识和协调来识别和管理威胁被认为对于解决知识差距至关重要。
According to the Convention on Biological Diversity, by 2020 invasive alien species (IAS) should be identified and their impacts assessed, so that species can be prioritized for implementation of appropriate control strategies and measures put in place to manage invasion pathways. For one quarter of the IAS listed as the "100 of the world's worst" environmental impacts are linked to diseases of wildlife (undomesticated plants and animals). Moreover, IAS are a significant source of "pathogen pollution" defined as the human-mediated introduction of a pathogen to a new host or region. Despite this, little is known about the biology of alien pathogens and their biodiversity impacts after introduction into new regions. We argue that the threats posed by alien pathogens to endangered species, ecosystems, and ecosystem services should receive greater attention through legislation, policy, and management. We identify 10 key areas for research and action, including those relevant to the processes of introduction and establishment of an alien pathogen and to prediction of the spread and associated impact of an alien pathogen on native biota and ecosystems. The development of interdisciplinary capacity, expertise, and coordination to identify and manage threats was seen as critical to address knowledge gaps.