GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PERCEPTIONS AND SELF-REPORTED DRIVING BEHAVIORS AMONG TEENAGERS
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PERCEPTIONS AND SELF-REPORTED DRIVING BEHAVIORS AMONG TEENAGERS
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jemermed.2014.09.055
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Kane, Bryan G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barr, Gavin C., Jr.;Kane, Kathleen E.;Kane, Bryan G.
背景：美国疾病控制中心报告称，机动车撞车事故(MVC)是美国青少年伤亡的主要原因，对男性的影响不成比例。在涉及青少年司机的MVC的可预防原因中，分心驾驶仍然是一个严重的公共卫生问题。目的：描述青少年驾驶员对安全驾驶行为的自我认知、危险行为和驾驶时分心的自我报告的性别差异。方法：我们对宾夕法尼亚州和新泽西州四所高中的青少年司机进行了前瞻性调查。在自我报告的感知和自我报告的驾驶行为之间进行了性别比较。数据分析采用描述性统计和卡方检验，显着性设为p<；0.05。结果：756名高中生青少年司机完成了调查。男性(52%)和女性(48%)平均分布；32%的男性报告他们是非常安全的司机，而只有18%的女性报告他们是非常安全的司机(P<；0.001)。更多的女性(91%)比托马莱斯(77%)报告总是系安全带(p<；0.001)。女性司机比男性司机更有可能自我报告说，她们总是让乘客系安全带(76%对63%，p<；0.001)。男性报告在开车时使用手机的比例高于女性(68%对56%，p=0.004)，42%的男性报告在开车时发短信，而女性的比例为34%(p=0.037)。结论：十几岁的男性司机认为自己是安全的司机，但报告称与女性相比，他们参与了更多的分心驾驶和危险行为。这些结果表明，有机会为青少年司机提供针对性别的教育和伤害预防计划。(C)2015年爱思唯尔公司。
Background: The Centers for Disease Control reports that motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) are the leading cause of injury and death among U.S. teenagers, and disproportionately affect males. Among preventable causes of MVCs involving teenage drivers, distracted driving continues to be a serious public health problem. Objectives: To describe gender differences in teenage drivers' self-perceptions of safe driving behaviors, and self-reported risk behaviors and distractions while driving. Methods: We prospectively surveyed teenage drivers from four high schools in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. Gender comparisons were made between self-reported perceptions and self-reported driving behaviors. Descriptive statistics and chi-squared testing were used in data analyses; significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Seven hundred fifty-six high school teenage drivers completed surveys. Males (52%) and females (48%) were equally distributed; 32% of males reported that they were extremely safe drivers, whereas only 18% of females reported that they were extremely safe drivers (p < 0.001). Significantly more females (91%) compared tomales (77%) reported always wearing their seatbelts (p < 0.001). Female drivers were more likely than male drivers to self-report that they always make their passengers wear a seat belt (76% vs. 63%, p < 0.001). A higher proportion of males reported using their cell phones while driving, compared to females (68% vs. 56%, p = 0.004), and 42% of males reported texting while driving, compared to 34% of females (p = 0.037). Conclusion: Teenage male drivers perceive themselves to be safe drivers, but report engaging in more distracted driving and risky behaviors compared to females. These results suggest that there is an opportunity for gender-specific educational and injury prevention programs for teen drivers. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc.