Laboratory scale evaluation of volatile organic compound emissions as indication of swine carcass degradation inside biosecure composting units
Laboratory scale evaluation of volatile organic compound emissions as indication of swine carcass degradation inside biosecure composting units
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.biortech.2009.07.076
复制
发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Raman, D. Raj
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Akdeniz, Neslihan;Koziel, Jacek A.;Raman, D. Raj
生物安全的牲畜死亡堆肥系统已被用于处理病死牲畜。在这些类型的系统中，不可能目视检查尸体降解情况，监测尸体释放的VOC（挥发性有机化合物）是评估堆肥过程进展的一种新方法。在这项研究中，现场规模的牲畜死亡堆肥系统进行了模拟和实验室规模的堆肥系统与好氧和厌氧测试单元的设计，收集挥发性有机化合物样品从腐烂的植物材料（70克干重）和猪组织（70克干重）在控制操作温度的顶部空间。采用固相微萃取（SPME）技术对顶空样品进行了分析，并采用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）联用技术对样品进行了分析。在43种挥发性有机化合物中，二甲基二硫醚、二甲基三硫醚和嘧啶被认为是死亡堆肥过程的标志化合物。这些化合物仅由腐烂的猪组织产生，而不是由腐烂的植物材料产生。在前三周测量了最高的标记VOC排放量，并且在该过程的第6周之后没有检测到VOC，这表明降解过程已经完成，堆肥材料微生物稳定（没有额外的VOC产生）。呼吸测试结果也表明堆肥材料稳定。本研究的结果可用于现场规模的堆肥操作，但需要更多的研究来显示堆肥单元的大小和通风速率的影响。(C)2009爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Biosecure livestock mortality composting systems have been used to dispose of diseased livestock mortalities. In those types of system, visual inspection of carcass degradation is not possible and monitoring VOCs (volatile organic compounds) released by carcasses is a new approach to assess progress of the composting process. In this study, field-scale livestock mortality composting systems were simulated and a laboratory scale composting system with aerobic and anaerobic test units was designed to collect VOC samples from the headspace of decaying plant materials (70 g dry weight) and swine tissues (70 g dry weight) at controlled operating temperatures. Headspace samples were collected with SPME (solid phase microextraction) and analyzed by a GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) system. Among the 43 VOCs identified, dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, and pyrimidine were found to be marker compounds of the mortality composting process. These compounds were only found to be produced by decaying swine tissues but not produced by decaying plant materials. The highest marker VOC emissions were measured during the first three weeks, and VOCs were not detected after the 6th week of the process, which indicates degradation processes were completed and compost materials microbially stabilized (no additional VOC production). Results of respiration tests also showed that compost materials were stabilized. Results of this study can be useful for field-scale composting operations but more studies are needed to show the effects of size and aeration rate of the composting units. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.