Protein hormones and immunity
Protein hormones and immunity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbi.2006.11.010
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
15.1
通讯作者：
Kooijman, Ron
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kelley, Keith W.;Weigent, Douglas A.;Kooijman, Ron
在过去的20年里，许多观察和发现支持内分泌和免疫系统之间重要的生理相互作用的概念。最为人所知的从免疫系统到神经内分泌系统的信息传递途径是以细胞因子的形式的体液，尽管通过传入迷走神经的神经传递也有很好的记录。在另一个方向上，从神经系统到免疫系统的传出信号由神经内分泌系统和自主神经系统传递。沟通是可能的，因为神经和免疫系统共享一个共同的生化语言，涉及共享的配体和受体，包括神经递质，神经肽，生长因子，神经内分泌激素和细胞因子。这意味着大脑作为免疫调节器官参与免疫反应。大量的证据已经积累并证实，神经内分泌系统分泌的激素在免疫系统细胞的通信和调节中起着重要作用。在蛋白质激素中，催乳素（PRL）、生长激素（GH）和胰岛素样生长因子-1（IFG-I）对免疫力的影响最为明显，但促甲状腺激素（TSH）对免疫力的影响也已得到证实。在这里，我们回顾在过去20年中获得的证据，清楚地表明，神经内分泌蛋白激素影响免疫和免疫过程影响神经内分泌系统。新的发现强调了免疫和内分泌系统之间以前未发现的通信途径，现在已知该途径发生在细胞水平上。当促炎细胞因子诱导的炎症过程拮抗各种激素的功能时，该通信系统被激活，然后导致外周和大脑中的内分泌抵抗。炎症期间的稳态是通过细胞因子和内分泌激素之间的平衡实现的。(c)2006年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
A number of observations and discoveries over the past 20 years support the concept of important physiological interactions between the endocrine and immune systems. The h,best known pathway for transmission of information from the immune system to the neuroendocrine system is humoral in the form of cytokines, although neural transmission via the afferent vagus is well documented also. In the other direction, efferent signals from the nervous system to the immune system are conveyed by both the neuroendocrine and autonomic nervous systems. Communication is possible because the nervous and immune systems share a common biochemical language involving shared ligands and receptors, including neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, growth factors, neuroendocrine hormones and cytokines. This means that the brain functions as an immune-regulating organ participating in immune responses. A great deal of evidence has accumulated and confirmed that hormones secreted by the neuroendocrine system play an important role in communication and regulation of the cells of the immune system. Among protein hormones, this has been most clearly documented for prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IFG-I), but significant influences on immunity by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) have also been demonstrated. Here we review evidence obtained during the past 20 years to clearly demonstrate that neuroendocrine protein hormones influence immunity and that immune processes affect the neuroendocrine system. New findings highlight a previously undiscovered route of communication between the immune and endocrine systems that is now known to occur at the cellular level. This communication system is activated when inflammatory processes induced by proinflammatory cytokines antagonize the function of a variety of hormones, which then causes endocrine resistance in both the periphery and brain. Homeostasis during inflammation is achieved by a balance between cytokines and endocrine hormones. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.