An Anthropocene chronosequence study on upland soils in the northeastern USA

An Anthropocene chronosequence study on upland soils in the northeastern USA
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美国东北部高地土壤的人类世年代顺序研究

DOI:
10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108304
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Ouimet, William B.
Ouimet, William B.
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dow, Samantha;Ouimet, William B.

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农业活动的集约化土地利用从根本上影响土壤的物理结构和养分循环,并可能导致沉积物侵蚀加剧,这些沉积物沉积在斜坡下的遗留沉积物中。美国东北部拥有约 300 年有据可查的土地改造历史,为研究人为引起的土壤变化提供了机会。在这项研究中,我们调查了康涅狄格州东北部两个在 17 至 20 世纪广泛使用的地点对高地土壤的影响,这些地点现在已被废弃,并与两个现代农业地点一起被森林覆盖。我们使用激光雷达中的石墙和 1934 年至 2019 年的航空图像来开发人类世时间序列,其中包含四个土地利用类别(T0、T1、T2 和 T3),这些类别在土地使用持续时间和废弃后的时间方面有所不同。这两个废弃地点的主要区别在于平均山坡梯度,我们使用较陡地点的横断面来研究链状位置对沉积物动员和下坡变化的影响。使用 pXRF 对每个类别的土壤剖面进行描述和采样,以进行标准土壤分析和痕量金属,以解决土壤中的侵蚀和混合过程。在这两个地点,随着土地使用时间的增加,A 层厚度增加,B 层厚度减少。所有类别的 C 层深度一致,坡底没有土壤截断和沉积物积累,土壤剖面中铅的库存和模式都表明土地利用影响导致土壤混合和沿山坡链的重新分布,但没有实质性的侵蚀和土壤流失。因此,低浮雕消融景观中的湿地、洪泛区和磨坊池塘等沉积区域可能不含有大量遗留沉积物。此外,广泛使用的激光雷达和航空图像数据集有可能扩大此处描述的时序方法和土壤影响。
Intensive land use from agricultural activities fundamentally affects the physical structure and nutrient cycling of soils and can lead to increased erosion of sediment that gets stored downslope in legacy deposits. The northeastern USA provides the opportunity to study anthropogenic-induced changes to soils, with a well-documented ~300-year history of land modification. In this study, we investigate impacts on upland soils in northeast Connecticut at two sites used extensively in the 17–20th centuries that are now abandoned and forested along with two modern agriculture sites. We use stone walls present in LiDAR and aerial imagery from 1934 to 2019 to develop an Anthropocene chronosequence with four land use classes (T0, T1, T2, and T3) that vary in terms of duration of land use and time since abandonment. The two abandoned sites differ primarily in terms of average hillslope gradients, and we use transects at the steeper site to investigate the effect ofcatenaposition on sediment mobilization and downslope changes. Soil profiles within each class were described and sampled for standard soil analyses and trace metals using pXRF to address the processes of erosion and mixing in the soils. At both sites, A horizon thicknesses increase and B horizon thicknesses decrease with increasing land use duration. The consistent depth to the C horizon across all classes, lack of soil truncations and accumulation of sediment at the base of slopes, and inventories and patterns of Pb in soil profiles all suggest land use impacts led to soil mixing and redistribution along hillslope catenas, but no substantial erosion and soil loss. Therefore, depositional areas such as wetlands, floodplains and millponds in low relief deglaciated landscapes may not contain large quantities of legacy sediment. Furthermore, widely available LiDAR and aerial imagery datasets have the potential to scale up the chronosequence approach and soil impacts described here.
新英格兰河谷的遗留沉积物储存:冰后景观中的人为过程
DOI: --
发表时间: 2016
期刊: Geomorphology
影响因子: 3.9
作者:
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发表时间: 2021
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
R. Thorson;Richard Manandhar;W. Ouimet
通讯作者: W. Ouimet
马里兰州皮埃蒙特省农业对侵蚀和沉积的影响
DOI: --
发表时间: 1975
期刊:
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作者:
J. Costa
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2014
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
Katharine M. Johnson;W. Ouimet
通讯作者: W. Ouimet
人类世的土壤
DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/25/1/012010
发表时间: 2015
期刊: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
影响因子: --
作者:
D. Richter;A. Bacon;Zachary S Brecheisen;M. L. Mobley
通讯作者: M. L. Mobley