Ecological approaches to informing public health policy and risk assessments on emerging vector-borne zoonoses.
Ecological approaches to informing public health policy and risk assessments on emerging vector-borne zoonoses.
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关于新兴媒介传播人畜共患病的公共卫生政策和风险评估的生态方法。
DOI：
10.3134/ehtj.10.001
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jameson Lj
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Medlock J;Jameson Lj
与媒介传播的人畜共患病相关的病原体在自然界中以地方病循环的方式发生。它们是由脊椎动物宿主和无脊椎动物媒介种群动态的组合驱动的，而这反过来又会对环境刺激的变化做出反应。人类参与这些循环，因此人类疾病的发生，往往是作为偶然的宿主。从公共卫生的角度来看，我们更好地预测这些疾病在人类中的爆发并制定干预和缓解战略的能力取决于对病原体传播自然周期的了解。例如，这需要考虑无脊椎动物和脊椎动物的生态学和生物学、气候学、土地使用和生境变化。总的来说，这些可以被称为医学昆虫学和医学生态学。本文回顾了纳入这些学科的重要性，评估从媒介传播的人畜共患病的公共卫生风险，并总结了未来可能的挑战和驱动力的变化，媒介状态和媒介传播的人畜共患病的出现，特别侧重于英国和欧洲的情况。
Pathogens associated with vector-borne zoonoses occur in enzootic cycles within nature. They are driven by a combination of vertebrate host and invertebrate vector population dynamics, which in turn respond to changes in environmental stimuli. Human involvement in these cycles, and hence the occurrence of human disease, is often to act as incidental host. From a public health perspective our ability to better predict human outbreaks of these diseases and prepare intervention and mitigation strategies relies on understanding the natural cycle of pathogen transmission. This requires consideration of, for example, invertebrate and vertebrate ecology and biology, climatology, land use and habitat change. Collectively, these can be referred to as medical entomology and medical ecology. This article reviews the importance for inclusion of such disciplines when assessing the public health risk from vector-borne zoonoses and summarizes the possible future challenges and driving forces for changes in vector status and vector-borne zoonoses emergence, with a particular focus on a UK and European context.