Innovation and employment growth in Japan: Analysis based on micro data from the Basic Survey of Japanese Business Structure and Activities
Innovation and employment growth in Japan: Analysis based on micro data from the Basic Survey of Japanese Business Structure and Activities
复制标题
日本的创新与就业增长：基于日本企业结构和活动基本调查微观数据的分析
DOI：
10.1111/jere.12146
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Hyeog Ug
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fukao;Kyoji;Ikeuchi;Kenta;Kim;Young Gak and Kwon;Hyeog Ug
本研究使用《日本企业活动基本调查》的微观数据，对1991 ~ 2010年日本企业的创新、劳动力囤积与就业增长之间的关系进行了实证分析。主要调查结果如下。首先，日本许多企业的劳动力超过了最佳水平（劳动力囤积）。第二，大公司的劳动力囤积现象更为严重。第三，企业不会立即调整就业，如果在当前时期有剩余劳动力，它们会逐渐减少剩余劳动力，这与我们提出的就业调整理论模型是一致的。第四，在其他条件相同的情况下，企业进行研发更有可能增加就业。第五，虽然企业的全要素生产率增长与就业呈负相关，但通过创新实现的全要素生产率增长对就业有积极影响。最后，在制造业部门，产品创新，我们代理的R&D支出，对就业有积极的影响，而在非制造业部门，工艺创新，我们代理的资本投资，对就业有积极的影响。
This study, using microdata from theBasic Survey of Japanese Business Structure and Activities, empirically examines the relationship among innovation, labour hoarding and employment growth at Japanese firms from 1991 to 2010. The main findings are as follows. First, the labour force of many firms in Japan is above the optimal level (labour hoarding). Second, labour hoarding is more serious among larger firms. Third, firms do not adjust employment instantaneously; if they have surplus labour in the current period, they will gradually reduce it. This is consistent with the theoretical model on employment adjustment that we propose. Fourth, all else being equal, firms’ conducting R&D are more likely to increase employment. Fifth, while we observe a negative correlation between firms’ total factor productivity growth and employment, total factor productivity growth through innovation has a positive impact on employment. Finally, in the manufacturing sector, product innovation, which we proxy by R&D expenditure, has a positive impact on employment, while in the nonmanufacturing sector, process innovation, which we proxy by capital investment, has a positive effect on employment.