Absorption of Solar Radiation by Clouds: Observations Versus Models
Absorption of Solar Radiation by Clouds: Observations Versus Models
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DOI：
10.1126/science.267.5197.496
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发表时间：
1995-01
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
R. Cess;Minghua Zhang;P. Minnis;L. Corsetti;E. Dutton;B. Forgan;D. Garber;W. Gates;J. Hack;E. Harrison;X. Jing;J. T. Kiehi;Charles Long;J. Morcrette;G. Potter;V. Ramanathan;B. Subasilar;C. Whitlock;D. Young;Yaping Zhou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Cess;Minghua Zhang;P. Minnis;L. Corsetti;E. Dutton;B. Forgan;D. Garber;W. Gates;J. Hack;E. Harrison;X. Jing;J. T. Kiehi;Charles Long;J. Morcrette;G. Potter;V. Ramanathan;B. Subasilar;C. Whitlock;D. Young;Yaping Zhou
云层对太阳辐射的莫名其妙的异常吸收由来已久。对五个不同地理位置的太阳辐射的卫星和地面并置测量显示，云层对太阳的显著吸收，导致云层对太阳的全球平均吸收比理论模型预测的高出约每平方米25瓦。人们经常认为，对流层气溶胶可以增加云的吸收。但这些气溶胶在时间和空间上是不均匀的，而观测到的云吸收在季节和位置上是显著不变的。尽管其物理原因尚不清楚，但云吸收的增强在很大程度上改变了我们对大气能量收支的理解。
There has been a long history of unexplained anomalous absorption of solar radiation by clouds. Collocated satellite and surface measurements of solar radiation at five geographically diverse locations showed significant solar absorption by clouds, resulting in about 25 watts per square meter more global-mean absorption by the cloudy atmosphere than predicted by theoretical models. It has often been suggested that tropospheric aerosols could increase cloud absorption. But these aerosols are temporally and spatially heterogeneous, whereas the observed cloud absorption is remarkably invariant with respect to season and location. Although its physical cause is unknown, enhanced cloud absorption substantially alters our understanding of the atmosphere's energy budget.