Reconnecting the Hand and Arm to the Brain: Efficacy of Neural Interfaces for Sensorimotor Restoration after Tetraplegia.
Reconnecting the Hand and Arm to the Brain: Efficacy of Neural Interfaces for Sensorimotor Restoration after Tetraplegia.
复制标题
将手和手臂重新连接到大脑：神经接口对四肢瘫痪后感觉运动恢复的功效。
DOI：
10.1101/2023.04.24.23288977
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Haddix,Chase
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Herring,EricZ;Graczyk,EmilyL;Memberg,WilliamD;Adams,RobertD;Baca-Vaca,GuadalupeFernandez;Hutchison,BriannaC;Krall,JohnT;Alexander,BenjaminJ;Conlan,EmilyC;Alfaro,KenyaE;Bhat,PreethiR;Ketting-Olivier,AaronB;Haddix,Chase
方法：一名27岁的右利手男性，患有AIS-B（运动完全，感觉不完全）C3-C4四肢瘫痪。将6个64通道皮质内微电极阵列植入到涉及上肢功能的左半球区域，包括初级运动和感觉皮质、额下回和前顶内区。植入9个16通道神经周围神经电极，以允许对右侧正中神经、尺神经（2）、桡神经、腋神经、肌皮神经、肩胛上神经、胸外侧神经和胸长神经进行靶向刺激，从而根据需要产生选择性肌肉收缩。概念验证的研究进行证明使用脑机接口的可行性，从和写入到大脑恢复运动和感觉功能的参与者自己的手臂和hand.RESULTS：多单元的神经活动，与预期的运动动作，成功地记录从皮层内阵列。微刺激体感皮层的电极产生可重复的感觉知觉的个别手指的触觉恢复。选择性地电激活周围神经产生反重力肌肉收缩，导致参与者能够在大脑控制下命令进行虚拟和实际手臂和手部运动的功能性运动。该系统耐受性良好，无手术并发症。结论：植入皮层电极和神经袖电极的组合有可能创造双向恢复的运动和感觉功能的手臂和手神经injure.ABBREVIATIONS：BMI脑机接口C-FINES复合平面接口神经电极FES功能性电刺激IFG额下回ReHAB重新连接的手和手臂的大脑。
METHODS:A 27-year-old right-handed man with AIS-B (motor-complete, sensory-incomplete) C3–C4 tetraplegia was enrolled into the clinical trial. Six 64-channel intracortical microelectrode arrays were implanted into left hemisphere regions involved in upper extremity function, including primary motor and sensory cortices, inferior frontal gyrus, and anterior intraparietal area. Nine 16-channel extraneural peripheral nerve electrodes were implanted to allow targeted stimulation of right median, ulnar (2), radial, axillary, musculocutaneous, suprascapular, lateral pectoral, and long thoracic nerves, to produce selective muscle contractions on demand. Proof-of-concept studies were performed to demonstrate feasibility of using a brain-machine interface to read from and write to the brain for restoring motor and sensory functions of the participant's own arm and hand.RESULTS:Multiunit neural activity that correlated with intended motor action was successfully recorded from intracortical arrays. Microstimulation of electrodes in somatosensory cortex produced repeatable sensory percepts of individual fingers for restoration of touch sensation. Selective electrical activation of peripheral nerves produced antigravity muscle contractions, resulting in functional movements that the participant was able to command under brain control to perform virtual and actual arm and hand movements. The system was well tolerated with no operative complications.CONCLUSION:The combination of implanted cortical electrodes and nerve cuff electrodes has the potential to create bidirectional restoration of motor and sensory functions of the arm and hand after neurological injury.ABBREVIATIONS:BMI brain-machine interfaceC-FINEs composite flat interface nerve electrodesFES functional electrical stimulationIFG inferior frontal gyrusReHAB Reconnecting the Hand and Arm to the Brain.