University Ofhawaìi at Mānoa Department of Economics Working Paper Series Examining Determinants of Foreign Wage Premiums in China? by Examining Determinants of Foreign Wage Premiums in China
University Ofhawaìi at Mānoa Department of Economics Working Paper Series Examining Determinants of Foreign Wage Premiums in China? by Examining Determinants of Foreign Wage Premiums in China
复制标题
夏威夷大学马诺阿分校经济系工作论文系列《通过考察中国外国工资溢价的决定因素来考察中国的外国工资溢价的决定因素》
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
--
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yao Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Theresa M. Greaney;Yao Yi;Theresa M. Greaney;Yao Li
我们估计了中国每个三位数制造业的外资持股工资溢价，发现所谓的“外资”持股和海外华人持股都存在广泛的溢价。外资持股产生的工资溢价比海外中资持股产生的工资溢价更大、更普遍，但这两种类型的外资持股产生的工资溢价在决定因素的假设检验中反应相似。使用每名工人的计算机数量作为一家公司技术水平的指标，我们发现76%-78%的行业支持这样一种假设，即外国公司支付更高的工资以降低工人离职的风险，以及随之而来的技术泄漏给国内竞争对手。然而，这一决定因素平均只解释了5-6%的外国工资溢价。我们发现，对“公平工资”假设的支持最为强烈，即外国公司支付更高的工资是因为它们的利润比国内公司更高，而利润更高的公司的工人预计会获得更高的工资，否则他们会逃避。这一假设解释了平均8%-9%的外国工资溢价，并支持使用公司每名工人的总利润作为附加工资决定因素的行业中发现的72%-75%的假设。无形资产和培训成本被发现是外国工资溢价的个人决定因素，要弱得多。当我们考虑将解释变量的最佳组合包括在每个行业的工资回归中时，我们在绝大多数行业找到了对我们的组合假设的支持，但我们仍然在中国身上发现了大量与外资持股有关的剩余工资溢价。
We estimate foreign ownership wage premiums for every 3-digit manufacturing industry in China and discover a wide range of premiums both for so-called " foreign " ownership and for overseas Chinese ownership of firms. Foreign ownership generates larger and more prevalent wage premiums than overseas Chinese ownership of firms, but both types of foreign ownership produce wage premiums that respond similarly in hypothesis testing of determinants. Using the number of computers per worker as an indicator of a firm's technology level, we find support in 76-78% of industries for the hypothesis that foreign firms pay higher wages to reduce the risk of worker turnover and the accompanying technology leakage to domestic rivals. However, this determinant explains only 5-6% of the foreign wage premium, on average. We find the most intensive support for the " fair wage " hypothesis that foreign firms pay higher wages because they are more profitable than domestic firms and workers in more profitable firms expect to be paid more, otherwise they will shirk. This hypothesis explains an average of 8-9% of the foreign wage premiums, with support for the hypothesis found in 72-75% of the industries using firm's total profits per worker as the added wage determinant. Intangible assets and training costs were found to be much weaker individual determinants of foreign wage premiums. When we consider the best combination of explanatory variables to include in each industry's wage regression, we find support for our combined hypotheses in the vast majority of industries, but we still find large residual wage premiums attached to foreign ownership in China.