Lot-based voting rules
Lot-based voting rules
复制标题
基于手数的投票规则
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lirong Xia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Walsh;Lirong Xia
互联网工程任务组开发和促进互联网标准，如TCP/IP。工作队的主席是通过选举产生的，首先从志愿者选民中随机选出一组选民。像这样通过抽签选择决策者有着悠久而古老的历史，两千多年前雅典的民主制度就采用了这种方法，从13世纪世纪开始，威尼斯总督的选举也沿用了500多年。在本文中，我们考虑使用这样的彩票多智能体决策。我们研究了一类称为基于抽签的投票规则。这种规则有两个步骤：在第一步中，通过抽签选出k张选票，然后在第二轮（决选）中，应用投票规则以基于这k张选票选出赢家。我们研究了一些规范性的性质，这种基于批量的规则。我们还研究了计算的计算复杂性的赢家加权和未加权的选票，计算操作。我们发现，大多数基于抽签的投票规则，赢家的确定和操纵是计算困难的。我们的研究结果表明，这种一般的技术（使用彩票随机选择一些选民）可能有助于防止战略行为的选民从计算的角度来看。
The Internet Engineering Task Force develops and promotes Internet standards like TCP/IP. The chair of the Task Force is chosen by an election which starts with a set of voters being selected at random from the electorate of volunteers. Selecting decision makers by lottery like this has a long and venerable history, having been used in Athenian democracy over two millennia ago, as well as for over 500 years from the 13th Century to elect the Doge of Venice. In this paper, we consider using such lotteries in multi-agent decision making. We study a family of voting rules called lot-based voting rules. Such rules have two steps: in the first step, k votes are selected by a lottery, then in the second round (the runoff), a voting rule is applied to select the winner based on these k votes. We study some normative properties of such lot-based rules. We also investigate the computational complexity of computing the winner with weighted and unweighted votes, and of computing manipulations. We show that for most lot-based voting rules winner determination and manipulation are computationally hard. Our results suggest that this general technique (using lotteries to selecting some voters randomly) may help to prevent strategic behavior of the voters from a computational point of view.