Downregulation of calcium-regulated heat stable protein 1 expression by low-temperature stimulation causes reduction of interferon-β expression and sensitivity to influenza viral infection
Downregulation of calcium-regulated heat stable protein 1 expression by low-temperature stimulation causes reduction of interferon-β expression and sensitivity to influenza viral infection
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DOI：
10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198659
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发表时间：
2022-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Nakaya, Takaaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nishioka, Keisuke;Daidoji, Tomo;Nakaya, Takaaki
流感在温带国家的冬季流行，当时环境干燥寒冷;然而，在热带和亚热带国家，它在炎热潮湿的雨季流行。因此，温度和湿度条件影响不同气候下的流感爆发。虽然其原因可能与宿主条件和病毒可以存活的条件有关，但由于细胞水平的环境变化，很难分析宿主病毒反应的变化。在本研究中，为了寻找与温度相关的候选基因，我们使用本实验室建立的具有相同遗传背景的永生化呼吸道细胞系，分析了低温刺激对流感病毒感染的影响。两种免疫应答强度不同的细胞株在低温刺激下均表现出流感病毒复制增强的现象，但其作用机制和程度不同。在表现出更大变化的细胞系中，发现病毒复制的促进涉及与温度相关的基因，包括TRPM 2和CARHSP 1。特别是，CARHSP 1表达在几种呼吸道细胞系中通过低温刺激降低。在敲除实验中，由于观察到干扰素β产生和敏感性的降低，这种下降可能会创造一种无法控制初始感染的环境。这一过程可能是有效的，为确定候选基因相关的主机/病毒的反应，在温度变化，这些结果可以帮助阐明温度，湿度和主机的反应与病毒感染的关系。
Influenza is prevalent in temperate countries during winter when the environment is dry and cold; however, in tropical and subtropical countries, it is prevalent during the hot, humid rainy season. Thus, temperature and humidity conditions affect influenza outbreaks in different climates. Although the reason for this may be related to host conditions and the conditions under which the virus can survive, it is difficult to analyze changes in host viral responses owing to environmental changes at the cellular level. In the current study, to find candidate genes related with temperature, we analyzed the effects of low-temperature stimulation on influenza virus infection using immortalized respiratory cell lines with the same genetic background established in our laboratory. Although two cell lines with different immune response strengths exhibited enhancement of influenza virus replication following low-temperature stimulation, the mechanisms and degrees were different. In cell lines that showed greater changes, promotion of viral replication was found to involve genes related to temperature, including TRPM2 and CARHSP1. In particular, CARHSP1 expression was decreased by low-temperature stimulation in several respiratory cell lines. In knockdown experiments, because reduction of interferon-beta production and sensitivity were observed, the decline may create an environment in which the initial infection cannot be controlled. This procedure may be effective for identifying candidate genes related to the host/viral responses to changes in temperature, and these results can help elucidate the relationships of temperature, humidity, and host responses with viral infection.