Complex variation of trabecular bone structure in the proximal humerus and femur of five modern human populations
Complex variation of trabecular bone structure in the proximal humerus and femur of five modern human populations
复制标题
五种现代人群肱骨近端和股骨骨小梁结构的复杂变化
DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.23725
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Ryan, Timothy M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Doershuk, Lily J.;Saers, Jaap P. P.;Shaw, Colin N.;Jashashvili, Tea;Carlson, Kristian J.;Stock, Jay T.;Ryan, Timothy M.
目的本项目研究狩猎采集者、混合策略农业、中世纪和人类群体的近端肱骨和股骨的骨小梁结构变化，以解决三个问题：（a）具有不同推断活动水平的人群之间肱骨和股骨的骨小梁结构变化的程度有多大？ (b) 肱骨近端的变化与股骨近端的变化有何关系？ (c) 骨小梁微观结构变量是否具有性别二态性？方法使用微型计算机断层扫描系统对来自 5 个具有不同生存策略的人类群体的 73 名成年人的近端肱骨和股骨进行扫描。提取并分析肱骨和股骨头内的集中感兴趣体积，以量化骨体积分数、小梁厚度、小梁分离、连接密度、各向异性程度和骨表面密度。结果在肱骨和股骨中，推断活动水平最高的组比推断活动水平较低的组具有更高的骨体积分数和小梁厚度，以及更低的骨表面密度。然而，肱骨的模式并不完全反映股骨的模式，这表明生存群体之间的差异梯度更大。小梁分离没有发现显着差异。肱骨或股骨中不存在一致的性别二态性模式。结论肱骨近端和股骨小梁骨的骨骼坚固性降低与从生存策略推断的活动水平降低相对应。然而，人类小梁骨结构变异很复杂，未来的工作应该探索除了活动之外的其他因素（饮食、气候、遗传、疾病负荷等）如何影响骨结构变异。
ObjectiveThis project investigates trabecular bone structural variation in the proximal humerus and femur of hunter‐gatherer, mixed‐strategy agricultural, medieval, and human groups to address three questions: (a) What is the extent of trabecular bone structural variation in the humerus and femur between populations with different inferred activity levels? (b) How does variation in the proximal humerus relate to variation in the proximal femur? (c) Are trabecular bone microstructural variables sexually dimorphic?MethodsThe proximal humerus and femur of 73 adults from five human groups with distinct subsistence strategies were scanned using a micro‐computed tomography system. Centralized volumes of interest within the humeral and femoral heads were extracted and analyzed to quantify bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, trabecular separation, connectivity density, degree of anisotropy, and bone surface density.ResultsIn the humerus and femur, groups with the highest inferred activity levels have higher bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness, and lower bone surface density than those with lower inferred activity levels. However, the humeral pattern does not exactly mirror that of the femur, which demonstrates a steeper gradient of difference between subsistence groups. No significant differences were identified in trabecular separation. No consistent patterns of sexual dimorphism were present in the humerus or femur.ConclusionsReduced skeletal robusticity of proximal humeral and femoral trabecular bone corresponds with reduced activity level inferred from subsistence strategy. However, human trabecular bone structural variation is complex and future work should explore how other factors (diet, climate, genetics, disease load, etc.), in addition to activity, influence bone structural variation.