Diversity and formation of endoplasmic reticulum-derived compartments in plants. Are these compartments specific to plant cells?
Diversity and formation of endoplasmic reticulum-derived compartments in plants. Are these compartments specific to plant cells?
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.104.053876
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Nishimura, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hara-Nishimura, I;Matsushima, R;Nishimura, M
与动物不同，植物无法逃避逆境。为了科普外部压力，植物调节内膜系统，特别是内质网（ER），这是最灵活和适应性最强的细胞器（Staehelin，1997）。或者，植物从ER产生专门的隔室以积累大量在ER上活跃合成的蛋白质（Chrispeels和赫尔曼，2000）。活性蛋白质的合成可以被视为一种内在的压力。内质网在受到内外胁迫时，分化为不同类型的区室，每一个区室都有自己的功能，因此内质网区室的多样性在植物细胞生物学中受到越来越多的关注。内质网的膜管和池延伸到整个细胞质的液泡周围的区域。ER膜占据细胞膜总面积的近一半，可以是各种隔室的来源。已经在植物细胞中鉴定了大小范围为0.1 mm至10 mm的各种ER衍生的区室（Larkins和Hurkman，1978; Li等人，1993; Hara-Nishimura等人，1998; Schmid等人，1998; Toyooka等人，2000; Hayashi等人，2001年）。所有已表征的隔室共有三个共同特征：（1）ER衍生的隔室积累大量的单一蛋白质或仅几种不同的蛋白质。(2)蛋白质组分在隔室中不起作用，即使它们是功能性蛋白质，如酶。(3)隔室在植物生命周期的特定时间出现在特定组织中。这些功能意味着ER衍生的车厢有不同的责任。为了理解ER衍生的隔室的生理作用，有必要鉴定在隔室中积累的蛋白质。急诊室-
Unlike animals, plants are not able to escape from adverse circumstances. To cope with external stresses, plants modulate the endomembrane systems, especially the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is the most flexible and adaptable organelle (Staehelin, 1997). Alternatively, plants generate a specialized compartment from the ER to accumulate an enormous amount of proteins that are actively synthesized on the ER (Chrispeels and Herman, 2000). Active protein synthesis can be regarded as an internal stress. In response to the internal and external stresses, the ER differentiates into various types of compartments, each of which has its own responsibility.The diversity of ER-derived compartments has been getting increased attention in plant cell biology. The ER networks of membranous tubules and cisternae are extended throughout the cytosol area surrounding the vacuoles. The ER membrane, which occupies nearly one-half the total area of membrane in cells, can be a source of a variety of compartments. Various ER-derived compartments with sizes ranging from 0.1 mm to 10mm have been identified in plant cells (Larkins and Hurkman, 1978; Li et al., 1993; Hara-Nishimura et al., 1998; Schmid et al., 1998; Toyooka et al., 2000; Hayashi et al., 2001). All the compartments that have been characterized share three common features:(1) The ER-derived compartments accumulate a large amount of a single protein or only a few different proteins.(2) The protein components do not act within the compartments, even if they are functional proteins such as enzymes.(3) The compartments appear in a specific tissue at a particular time of the life cycle of plants. These features imply that ER-derived compartments have distinct responsibilities. To understand a physiological role of an ER-derived compartment, it is necessary to identify the protein or proteins that accumulate in the compartment. The ER-