Risk factors for autism: Perinatal factors, parental psychiatric history, and socioeconomic status
Risk factors for autism: Perinatal factors, parental psychiatric history, and socioeconomic status
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DOI：
10.1093/aje/kwi123
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发表时间：
2005-05-15
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Mortensen, PB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Larsson, HJ;Eaton, WW;Mortensen, PB
研究表明，遗传和早期胎儿发育在自闭症中起着因果作用。本病例对照研究探讨了围产期因素、父母精神病史、社会经济地位和自闭症风险之间的关系。这项研究是嵌套在一个队列中的所有儿童出生在丹麦后，1972年和风险被诊断为自闭症，直到1999年12月。从丹麦的全国登记处获得了预先记录的数据。病例总数为698名诊断为自闭症的儿童;每个病例均按性别、出生年份和年龄与25名对照组进行单独匹配。通过条件Logistic回归分析得出风险比和95%置信区间。调整后的分析表明，自闭症的风险与臀位有关（风险比（RR）= 1.63，95%置信区间（CI）：1.18，2.26），5分钟时Apgar评分较低（RR = 1.89，95%CI：1.10，3.27），出生时胎龄< 35周（RR = 2.45，95% CI：1.55，3.86）和父母精神病史（精神分裂样精神病：RR = 3.44，95%CI：1.48，7.95;情感性精神障碍：RR = 2.91，95%CI：1.65，5.14）。分析显示，自闭症风险与胎龄体重、产次、产前检查次数、父母年龄或社会经济地位之间无统计学显著相关。结果表明，产前环境因素和父母的精神病理学与自闭症的风险。这些因素似乎是独立作用的。
Research suggests that heredity and early fetal development play a causal role in autism. This case-control study explored the association between perinatal factors, parental psychiatric history, socioeconomic status, and risk of autism. The study was nested within a cohort of all children born in Denmark after 1972 and at risk of being diagnosed with autism until December 1999. Prospectively recorded data were obtained from nationwide registries in Denmark. Cases totaled 698 children with a diagnosis of autism; each case was individually matched by gender, birth year, and age to 25 controls. Analyses by conditional logistic regression produced risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Adjusted analyses showed that the risk of autism was associated with breech presentation (risk ratio (RR) = 1.63, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18, 2.26), low Apgar score at 5 minutes (RR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.10, 3.27), gestational age at birth < 35 weeks (RR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.55, 3.86), and parental psychiatric history (schizophrenia-like psychosis: RR = 3.44, 95% CI: 1.48, 7.95; affective disorder: RR = 2.91, 95% CI: 1.65, 5.14). Analyses showed no statistically significant association between risk of autism and weight for gestational age, parity, number of antenatal visits, parental age, or socioeconomic status. Results suggest that prenatal environmental factors and parental psychopathology are associated with the risk of autism. These factors seem to act independently.