Sodium Isopropyl(trimethylsilyl)amide: A Stable and Highly Soluble Lithium Diisopropylamide Mimic.

Sodium Isopropyl(trimethylsilyl)amide: A Stable and Highly Soluble Lithium Diisopropylamide Mimic.
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异丙基(三甲基甲硅烷基)酰胺钠:一种稳定且高度溶解的二异丙基酰胺锂模拟物。

DOI:
10.1021/acs.joc.2c01745
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
The Journal of organic chemistry
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Collum,DavidB
Collum,DavidB
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
Ma,Yun;Lui,NathanM;Keresztes,Ivan;Woltornist,RyanA;Collum,DavidB

文献摘要

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介绍了异丙基(三甲基硅基)氨基钠(NaPTA)的制备、结构、物理性质和反应性。室温下的溶解度范围为正庚烷(0.55 M)、正己烷(0.60 M)、甲苯(0.65 M)、MTBE(1.7 M)、Et 3 N(3.2 M)和THF(>6.0 M)。在25 °C下,在纯THF中的半衰期为>1年,在70 °C下为7天,这与LDA在纯THF中的半衰期分别为2.5个月和1.5天相比是有利的。本研究的重点是NaPTA在THF。29 Si NMR光谱显示,在0.10-12 M THF己烷中的cisandtransstereosomeric二聚体的混合物。密度泛函理论(DFT)计算表明pKbis是二聚二异丙基氨基钠(NaDA)和二聚六甲基二硅氮钠(NaHMDS)之间的中间体。芳烃、环氧化物、酮、腙、烯烃和卤代烷的金属化反应比LDA(kNaPTA/LDA= 1-30)显示出更高的反应活性。虽然芳烃金属化的速率很高,但NaPTA的较低pKb限制了底物。将基于假麻黄酸盐的甲酰胺金属化以形成二取代的迈尔斯烯醇化物解决了几个具有挑战性的技术问题。
The preparation, structure, physical properties, and reactivities of sodium isopropyl(trimethylsilyl)amide (NaPTA) are described. The solubilities at room temperature range fromn-heptane (0.55 M),n-hexane (0.60 M), toluene (0.65 M), MTBE (1.7 M), Et3N (3.2 M), and THF (>6.0 M). The half-life to destruction in neat THF is >1 year at 25 °C and 7 days at 70 °C, which compares favorably to 2.5 months and 1.5 days, respectively, for LDA in neat THF. This study focuses on NaPTA in THF.29Si NMR spectroscopy shows exclusively a mixture ofcisandtransstereoisomeric dimers in 0.10–12 M THF in hexane. Density functional theory (DFT) computations suggest that the pKbis intermediate between dimeric sodium diisopropylamide (NaDA) and dimeric sodium hexamethyldisilazide (NaHMDS). Metalations of arenes, epoxides, ketones, hydrazones, alkenes, and alkyl halides show higher reactivities than LDA (kNaPTA/LDA= 1–30). While the rates of arene metalation are high, the lower pKbof NaPTA limits the substrates. Metalation of pseudoephedrate-based carboxamides to form disodiated Myers enolates solves several challenging technical problems.