Salience of the word as a unit in the perception of language
Salience of the word as a unit in the perception of language
复制标题
单词作为语言感知单元的显着性
DOI：
10.3758/bf03205845
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发表时间：
1974
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Hoosain
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Osgood;R. Hoosain
七联锁实验中的猜测和识别阈值的话相比，与其他语言单位都小于（非词语素和三元）和大于（名词性化合物，普通名词短语，和无意义的化合物）的话。单词的保留值始终低于词素或三叉神经元（在视觉使用频率上匹配或甚至更高），而单词类名词性复合物的保留值则更低（例如，绊脚石）比普通的名词短语（铜块）或无意义的复合词（同情块）。事先接触（通过两次正确的发音）普通名词短语，无意义的化合物，和名词性化合物的组成单词显着促进随后的识别的单词成分，但事先接触名词性化合物没有任何影响，随后识别其单词成分。这些结果作为一个整体被解释为支持以下结论：（1）词在语言感知中具有特殊的突显性;（2）这种突显性的原因是词的独特意义（或类词名词性复合词）作为一个整体;和（3），这种显着性的机制是从中央调解过程与饲料反馈的收敛-从外围感觉过程向前推进，整合词形感知。
Seven interlocking experiments are reported in which both guessing and recognition thresholds for words are compared with those for other linguistic units both smaller than (nonword morphemes and trigrams) and larger than (nominal compounds, ordinary noun phrases, and nonsense compounds) the word. Thresholds were consistently lower for words than for morphemes or trigams (matched or even much higher in visual usage frequency) and lower for word-like nominal compounds (e.g.,stumbling block) than for ordinary noun phrases (copper block) or nonsense compounds (sympathy block). Prior exposure (through two correct recognitions) to ordinary noun phrases, nonsense compounds, and the constituent single words of nominal compounds significantly facilitated subsequent recognition of the single-word constituents, but prior exposure to nominal compounds had no effect whatsoever on subsequent recognition of their sin~e-word constituents. These results as a whole are interpreted as supporting the following conclusions: (1)that the word has special salience in the perception of language; (2)that the reason for this salience is the unique meaningfulness of the word (or the word-like nominal compound) as a whole; and (3) that the mechanism for this salience is the convergence of feedback from central mediational processes with feed-forward from peripheral sensory processes upon the integration of word-form percepts.