Variations in cone photoreceptor abundance and the visual ecology of birds
Variations in cone photoreceptor abundance and the visual ecology of birds
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DOI：
10.1007/s00359-001-0240-3
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发表时间：
2001-11-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Hart, NS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hart, NS
本研究测定了19种鸟类视网膜视锥光感受器的相对丰度和地形分布，以确定光感受器补体与视觉生态之间可能的相关性。与以往的研究相比，所有五种类型的锥光感受器进行了区分，使用明场和epifluorescent光学显微镜，在四个视网膜象限。陆栖鸟类视锥细胞分布、眼底着色和视网膜油滴色素沉着倾向于表现为后背-前腹或前背-后腹梯度。海洋鸟类往往表现出背腹梯度相反。统计分析表明，不同的视锥类型的比例在所有物种的视网膜显着变化。对数据进行聚类分析，以根据其油滴互补物鉴定物种的组或簇。使用每个象限中每种油滴类型的绝对百分比进行分析，产生的聚类往往反映物种之间的系统发育相关性，而不是视觉生态的相似性。在从每个象限中的油滴类型的百分比中减去整个视网膜上给定油滴类型的平均百分比（“眼睛平均值”）之后重复分析，即给出关于平均值的变化的测量，导致在比繁殖更大程度上反映饮食，进食行为和栖息地的聚类。
The relative abundance and topographical distribution of retinal cone photoreceptors was measured in 19 bird species to identify possible correlations between photoreceptor complement and visual ecology. In contrast to previous studies, all five types of cone photoreceptor were distinguished, using bright field and epifluorescent light microscopy, in four retinal quadrants. Land birds tended to show either posterior dorsal to anterior ventral or anterior dorsal to posterior ventral gradients in cone photoreceptor distribution, fundus coloration and oil droplet pigmentation across the retina. Marine birds tended to show dorsal to ventral gradients instead. Statistical analyses showed that the proportions of the different cone types varied significantly across the retinae of all species investigated. Cluster analysis was performed on the data to identify groups or clusters of species on the basis of their oil droplet complement. Using the absolute percentages of each oil droplet type in each quadrant for the analysis produced clusters that tended to reflect phylogenetic relatedness between species rather than similarities in their visual ecology. Repeating the analysis after subtracting the mean percentage of a given oil droplet type across the whole retina (the 'eye mean') from the percentage of that oil droplet type in each quadrant, i.e. to give a measure of the variation about the mean, resulted in clusters that reflected diet, feeding behaviour and habitat to a greater extent than phylogeny.