Potential of zebrafish as a model for exploring the role of the amygdala in emotional memory and motivational behavior
Potential of zebrafish as a model for exploring the role of the amygdala in emotional memory and motivational behavior
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DOI：
10.1002/jnr.23712
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发表时间：
2016-06
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Simon Perathoner;M. L. Cordero-Maldonado;A. Crawford
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Simon Perathoner;M. L. Cordero-Maldonado;A. Crawford
情感是行为的一个关键方面，它使人类和动物能够将积极或消极的价值分配给感官输入，从而做出适当的决定。在哺乳动物模型（主要是灵长类动物和啮齿动物）中进行的经典实验表明，杏仁核对食欲和厌恶的联想处理至关重要，该大脑区域的功能障碍会导致各种精神疾病，包括抑郁症、广泛性焦虑症、恐慌症、恐惧症、自闭症和创伤后应激障碍。在过去的20年里，斑马鱼（Danio rerio; Cyprinidae）已经成为一种多功能的、可靠的脊椎动物模式生物，用于体内发育、基因功能和人类病理的许多方面的研究。体积小、繁殖力高、外部发育迅速、透明、遗传易感性以及与人类的遗传和生理高度同源性是这种小鱼在不同生物医学研究领域取得成功的因素之一。最近的研究结果表明，尽管硬骨鱼和四足动物的大脑结构在解剖学上存在差异，但鱼类的大脑结构与哺乳动物的杏仁核相似，这一假设得到了分子标记表达、不同脑区神经元投影分析和行为研究的支持。本文总结了这些证据，并重点介绍了一些相关的生物检测方法，以研究斑马鱼的情绪记忆和动机行为。©2016 Wiley期刊公司
Emotion is a key aspect of behavior, enabling humans and animals to assign either positive or negative values to sensory inputs and thereby to make appropriate decisions. Classical experiments in mammalian models, mainly in primates and rodents, have shown that the amygdala is essential for appetitive and aversive associative processing and that dysfunction of this brain region leads to various psychiatric conditions, including depression, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias, autism, and posttraumatic stress disorder. In the past 2 decades, the zebrafish (Danio rerio; Cyprinidae) has emerged as a versatile, reliable vertebrate model organism for the in vivo study of development, gene function, and numerous aspects of human pathologies. Small size, high fecundity, rapid external development, transparency, genetic tractability, and high genetic and physiologic homology with humans are among the factors that have contributed to the success with this small fish in different biomedical research areas. Recent findings indicate that, despite the anatomical differences in the brain structure of teleosts and tetrapods, fish possess a structure homologous to the mammalian amygdala, a hypothesis that is supported by the expression of molecular markers, analyses of neuronal projections in different brain areas, and behavioral studies. This Review summarizes this evidence and highlights a number of relevant bioassays in zebrafish to study emotional memory and motivational behavior. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.