Discrete gauge symmetries in D-brane models
Discrete gauge symmetries in D-brane models
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DOI：
10.1007/jhep12(2011)113
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发表时间：
2011-06
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
M. Berasaluce-González;L. Ibáñez;Pablo Soler;Á. Uranga
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Berasaluce-González;L. Ibáñez;Pablo Soler;Á. Uranga
在粒子物理学建模中，离散对称性经常被用来禁止不必要的或危险的耦合。一个经典的例子是MSSM的R-宇称，它保证了没有四维重子和轻子数违反算子。尽管在现象学上很有用，但在场论的背景下，这些离散对称性在更基本的层面上缺乏动机。此外，在与量子引力的一致耦合中，离散的全局对称性预计会被破坏，而它们的规范版本预计会实际存在。在本文中，我们研究弦理论中膜模型的离散规范对称性，并认为它们在这个框架中是相当普遍的。特别地，我们研究了弦理论中（MS）SM膜结构中离散规范对称性的出现，并表明一些离散Z N规范对称性，包括R宇称和重子三性，自然地表现为具有Stückelberg N（B F）耦合的连续U（1）规范对称性的残余。有趣的是，它们对应于90年代初分类的MSSM的最简单的无异常离散对称。我们提供了一些例子的基础上IIA型相交膜建设（MS）SM频谱。我们还研究了在统一的SU（5）IIA型定向折叠和局部F理论SU（5）大统一理论中R宇称的离散推广的出现。
In particle physics model building discrete symmetries are often invoked to forbid unwanted or dangerous couplings. A classical example is the R-parity of the MSSM, which guarantees the absence of dimension four baryon-and lepton-number violating operators. Although phenomenologically useful, these discrete symmetries are, in the context of field theory, poorly motivated at a more fundamental level. Moreover, discrete global symmetries are expected to be violated in consistent couplings to quantum gravity, while their gauged versions are expected to actually exist. In this paper we study discrete gauge symmetries in brane models in string theory, and argue that they are fairly generic in this framework. In particular we study the appearance of discrete gauge symmetries in (MS) SM brane constructions in string theory, and show that a few discrete Z N gauge symmetries, including R-parity and baryon triality, appear naturally as remnants of continuous U (1) gauge symmetries with Stückelberg N (B∧ F) couplings. Interestingly, they correspond to the simplest anomaly-free discrete symmetries of the MSSM as classified in the early 90’s. We provide a number of examples based on type IIA intersecting brane constructions with a (MS) SM spectrum. We also study the appearance of discrete generalizations of R-parity in unified SU (5) type IIA orientifolds and local F-theory SU (5) GUTs.