Free flight maneuvers of stalk-eyed flies: do eye-stalks affect aerial turning behavior?
Free flight maneuvers of stalk-eyed flies: do eye-stalks affect aerial turning behavior?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00359-007-0259-1
复制
发表时间：
2007-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Swallow, John G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ribak, Gal;Swallow, John G.
有柄眼蝇（Diopsidae）的眼睛位于从头部横向伸出的刚性花序梗的末端。在二型物种中，雄性的眼柄超过雌性的眼柄，并且可以超过体长。眼柄长度是男性性选择，提高男性生殖成功。通过对雄性和雌性戴氏拟丽金龟的形态学和自由飞行轨迹的分析，探讨了长眼柄是否对自由飞行和空中转向行为产生负面影响。在飞行姿势的质量转动惯量绕垂直轴是男性的1.49倍。与雌性相比，雄性的翅膀长度也增加了5%。在自由飞行过程中，雌性比雄性转弯更大（54 +/- 31.4比49 +/- 36.2度，t检验，P < 0.033），转弯时飞行更快（9.4 +/- 5.45比8.4 +/- 6.17 cm s（-1），ANOVA，P < 0.021）。然而，两种性别的旋转性能重叠，男性的旋转速率甚至略高于女性的旋转速率（733 +/- 235.3 vs. 685 +/- 282.6 deg s（-1），ANCOVA，P < 0.047）。我们认为，眼距的增加确实会导致空中转向的机械要求增加，但雄性C。达尔曼鸟能够在通过翼拍运动学和增加的翅膀尺寸观察到的转弯范围内补偿较长眼柄的约束。
The eyes of stalk-eyed flies (Diopsidae) are positioned at the end of rigid peduncles projected laterally from the head. In dimorphic species the eye-stalks of males exceed the eye-stalks of females and can exceed body length. Eye-stalk length is sexually selected in males improving male reproductive success. We tested whether the long eye-stalks have a negative effect on free-flight and aerial turning behavior by analyzing the morphology and free-flight trajectories of male and female Cyrtodiopsis dalmanni. At flight posture the mass-moment-of-inertia for rotation about a vertical axis was 1.49-fold higher in males. Males also showed a 5% increase in wing length compared to females. During free-flight females made larger turns than males (54 +/- 31.4 vs. 49 +/- 36.2 degrees, t test, P < 0.033) and flew faster while turning (9.4 +/- 5.45 vs. 8.4 +/- 6.17 cm s(-1), ANOVA, P < 0.021). However, turning performance of both sexes overlapped, and turn rate in males even marginally exceeded turn rate in females (733 +/- 235.3 vs. 685 +/- 282.6 deg s(-1), ANCOVA, P < 0.047). We suggest that the increase in eye-span does result in an increase in the mechanical requirements for aerial turning but that male C. dalmanni are capable of compensating for the constraint of longer eye-stalks during the range of turns observed through wingbeat kinematics and increased wing size.